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PDF Version: 1.4 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 409 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 1 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Handling and novel object recognition modulate fear response and endocannabinoid signaling in nucleus basalis magnocellularis Destination: atl_EJN_15642_ Children: Item: Title: 1 INTRODUCTION Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0001 Item: Title: 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0002 Children: Item: Title: 2.1 Animals Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0003 Item: Title: 2.2 Chemicals Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0004 Item: Title: 2.3 Behavioral tests Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0005 Children: Item: Title: 2.3.1 Passive avoidance test (PA) Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0006 Item: Title: 2.3.2 Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT) Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0007 Item: Title: 2.3.3 Handling Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0008 Item: Title: 2.4 Behavioral schedules Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0009 Children: Item: Title: 2.4.1 Temporal pattern of fear extinction Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0010 Item: Title: 2.4.2 Effect of handling and NORT on fear extinction Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0011 Item: Title: 2.4.3 Effect of handling and NORT on fear response before receiving an aversive stimulus Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0012 Item: Title: 2.5 Neurochemical analysis Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0013 Children: Item: Title: 2.5.1 Functional [35S]GTPγS autoradiography Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0014 Item: Title: 2.5.2 Quantitative image analysis of autoradiograms Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0015 Item: Title: 2.6 Statistical analysis Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0016 Item: Title: 3 RESULTS Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0017 Children: Item: Title: 3.1 Fear extinction in PA is a long-term process Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0018 Item: Title: 3.2 Handling and NORT accelerate fear extinction after receiving an aversive stimulus Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0019 Item: Title: 3.3 Handling of the rats before receiving an aversive stimulus exacerbates fear expression, whereas previous NORT reduces it Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0020 Item: Title: 3.4 Freezing time in the retention phase of PA correlates with CB1 receptor activity in the NBM Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0021 Item: Title: 4 DISCUSSION Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0022 Children: Item: Title: 4.1 Fear extinction in PA is a robust and long-term process Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0023 Item: Title: 4.2 Handling and NORT accelerate fear extinction following an aversive stimulus Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0024 Item: Title: 4.3 Handling before an aversive stimulus exacerbates fear expression, whereas NORT reduces it Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0025 Item: Title: 4.4 The freezing time in the retention phase of PA correlates with CB1 receptor activity in the NBM Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0026 Item: Title: 5 CONCLUSION Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0027 Item: Title: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0028 Item: Title: CONFLICT OF INTERESTS Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0029 Item: Title: AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0032 Children: Item: Title: PEER REVIEW Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0033 Item: Title: DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-sec-0031 Item: Title: REFERENCES Destination: HeadingEJN_15642ejn15642-bibl-00011 Info: Title: Handling and novel object recognition modulate fear response and endocannabinoid signaling in nucleus basalis 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