4d0edc2f3b4ab4d0bdb4b5375f941ab9 Div_a2022v14n12p1033.pdf 47e912907c01fa2aff231dde9d8b0a6f2ec80fca Div_a2022v14n12p1033.pdf b9bf2215ea8953e86f312bf187bc652743955dc1ca645e59f75334c603b22e7a Div_a2022v14n12p1033.pdf Title: Small but Nice–Seed Dispersal by Tamarins Compared to Large Neotropical Primates Subject: Tamarins, small Neotropical primates of the genera Saguinus and Leontocebus, have a mainly frugivorous-faunivorous diet. While consuming the pulp of a high diversity of fruit species, they also swallow seeds and void them intact, thus acting as seed dispersers. Here we compare different aspects of the seed dispersal ecology of tamarins with that of large Neotropical primates from the genera Ateles (spider monkeys) and Lagothrix (woolly monkeys). Due to their small body size, tamarins disperse seeds of a smaller size range, fewer seeds per defecation, and seeds from a smaller number of different plant species per defecation compared to these atelines. We discuss whether tamarin seed dispersal is redundant or complementary to seed dispersal by atelines. On the level of plant species, our comparisons suggest that redundancy or complementarity depends on the plant species concerned. On the habitat level, seed dispersal by tamarins and large New World primates is probably complementary. Particularly, since tamarins are capable of persisting in disturbed forests and near human settlements, they are more likely to contribute to the natural regeneration of such areas than larger primates. Keywords: Callitrichidae; Atelinae; seed dispersal effectiveness; seed dispersal distance; germination; forest regeneration; secondary forest Author: Eckhard W. Heymann, Lisieux Fuzessy and Laurence Culot Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Fri Nov 25 15:54:15 2022 CET ModDate: Fri Nov 25 16:01:58 2022 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 4795894 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- UOMQTN+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 MUYDXM+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 CVFLWC+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 IPXDXF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 23 0 BTHOLA+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 42 0 JGMOZW+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 76 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-03-14 02:46:59 CET RepresentationInformation: Div_a2022v14n12p1033.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-03-13 20:28:06 CET Size: 4795894 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 348 FreeObjects: 3 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Diversity of Consumed and Dispersed Fruit Species Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Consistency of Seed Dispersal Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Number of Seeds and Seed Species Dispersed per Defecation Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Seed Size Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Germination Success and Time Destination: subsection.3.5 Item: Title: Seed Rain Destination: subsection.3.6 Item: Title: Seed Dispersal Distances Destination: subsection.3.7 Item: Title: Seed Dispersal Sites Destination: subsection.3.8 Item: Title: Directed Dispersal Destination: subsection.3.9 Item: Title: Dispersal into Secondary Forest Destination: subsection.3.10 Item: Title: Effects on Plant Population Genetics Destination: subsection.3.11 Item: Title: Concluding Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: section.4 Info: Title: Small but Nice Seed Dispersal by Tamarins Compared to Large Neotropical Primates Author: Eckhard W. Heymann, Lisieux Fuzessy and Laurence Culot Subject: Tamarins, small Neotropical primates of the genera Saguinus and Leontocebus, have a mainly frugivorous-faunivorous diet. While consuming the pulp of a high diversity of fruit species, they also swallow seeds and void them intact, thus acting as seed dispersers. Here we compare different aspects of the seed dispersal ecology of tamarins with that of large Neotropical primates from the genera Ateles (spider monkeys) and Lagothrix (woolly monkeys). Due to their small body size, tamarins disperse seeds of a smaller size range, fewer seeds per defecation, and seeds from a smaller number of different plant species per defecation compared to these atelines. We discuss whether tamarin seed dispersal is redundant or complementary to seed dispersal by atelines. On the level of plant species, our comparisons suggest that redundancy or complementarity depends on the plant species concerned. On the habitat level, seed dispersal by tamarins and large New World primates is probably complementary. Particularly, since tamarins are capable of persisting in disturbed forests and near human settlements, they are more likely to contribute to the natural regeneration of such areas than larger primates. 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