183186dfcbc18f3deccab7697b882814 nanomaterials_12_04006_v2.pdf ac7a5922ccccb3cb4708b4f0f8bb2c336ace2147 nanomaterials_12_04006_v2.pdf 104716d9ecbecbbaae3f95562373289acd9b15da559cd40dcde6f8dcf485841c nanomaterials_12_04006_v2.pdf Title: Influence of Cocatalysts (Ni, Co, and Cu) and Synthesis Method on the Photocatalytic Activity of Exfoliated Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Hydrogen Production Subject: Exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (ex-g-CN) was synthesized and loaded with non-noble metals (Ni, Cu, and Co). The synthesized catalysts were tested for hydrogen production using a 300-W Xe lamp equipped with a 395 nm cutoff filter. A noncommercial double-walled quartz-glass reactor irradiated from the side was used with a 1 g/L catalyst in 20 mL of a 10 vol% triethanolamine aqueous solution. For preliminary screening, the metal-loaded ex-g-CN was synthesized using the incipient wetness impregnation method. The highest hydrogen production was observed on the Ni-loaded ex-g-CN, which was selected to assess the impact of the synthesis method on hydrogen production. Ni-loaded ex-g-CN was synthesized using different synthesis methods: incipient wetness impregnation, colloidal deposition, and precipitation deposition. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, and transmission electron microscopy. The Ni-loaded ex-g-CN synthesized using the colloidal method performed best with a hydrogen production rate of 43.6 mol h-1 g-1. By contrast, the catalysts synthesized using the impregnation and precipitation methods were less active, with 28.2 and 10.1 mol h-1 g-1, respectively. The hydrogen production performance of the suspended catalyst (440 mol m-2 g-1) showed to be superior to that of the corresponding immobilized catalyst (236 mol m-2 g-1). Keywords: graphitic carbon nitride; water splitting; hydrogen production; nickel; cocatalyst deposition Author: Adeem Ghaffar Rana, Michael Schwarze, Minoo Tasbihi, Xavier Sala, Jordi García-Antón and Mirjana Minceva Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Nov 21 08:58:27 2022 CET ModDate: Mon Nov 21 09:01:15 2022 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2762389 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- SZDXMN+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 IZJBLV+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 15 0 NSAHZE+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 PLESCX+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 DSCEZI+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 XFIZIB+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 32 0 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yes yes no 157 0 BMJKJI+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 160 0 BMJKJE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 171 0 BMJKJF+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 174 0 BMJKJG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 180 0 BMJKJI+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 183 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-03-15 02:41:13 CET RepresentationInformation: nanomaterials_12_04006_v2.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-03-10 01:34:25 CET Size: 2762389 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 394 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Chemicals Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Synthesis of ex-g-CN Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Cocatalyst Loading onto ex-g-CN Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Precipitation Deposition Method Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Colloidal Deposition Method Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Characterization Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Photocatalytic Experiments Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Children: Item: Title: Catalyst Characterization Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: X-ray Diffraction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Brunauer Emmett Teller Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Mass Spectrometry (MS) Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: Morphology Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: Photocatalytic H2 Production Activity Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Screening Experiments Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Item: Title: Effect of the Ni Loading Method on Hydrogen Production Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: Effect of Photocatalyst Concentration Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Item: Title: Immobilized vs. Suspended Photocatalysts Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: Recycling of the Catalyst Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@87f383f Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4eb7f003 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@eafc191 Info: Title: Influence of Cocatalysts (Ni, Co, and Cu) and Synthesis Method on the Photocatalytic Activity of Exfoliated Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Hydrogen Production Author: Adeem Ghaffar Rana, Michael Schwarze, Minoo Tasbihi, Xavier Sala, Jordi García-Antón and Mirjana Minceva Subject: Exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (ex-g-CN) was synthesized and loaded with non-noble metals (Ni, Cu, and Co). The synthesized catalysts were tested for hydrogen production using a 300-W Xe lamp equipped with a 395 nm cutoff filter. A noncommercial double-walled quartz-glass reactor irradiated from the side was used with a 1 g/L catalyst in 20 mL of a 10 vol% triethanolamine aqueous solution. For preliminary screening, the metal-loaded ex-g-CN was synthesized using the incipient wetness impregnation method. The highest hydrogen production was observed on the Ni-loaded ex-g-CN, which was selected to assess the impact of the synthesis method on hydrogen production. Ni-loaded ex-g-CN was synthesized using different synthesis methods: incipient wetness impregnation, colloidal deposition, and precipitation deposition. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption using the Brunauer Emmett Teller method, and transmission electron microscopy. The Ni-loaded ex-g-CN synthesized using the colloidal method performed best with a hydrogen production rate of 43.6 mol h-1 g-1. By contrast, the catalysts synthesized using the impregnation and precipitation methods were less active, with 28.2 and 10.1 mol h-1 g-1, respectively. The hydrogen production performance of the suspended catalyst (440 mol m-2 g-1) showed to be superior to that of the corresponding immobilized catalyst (236 mol m-2 g-1). 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