51c7720671f10fe71b88fc7506545157 sustainability_14_09110.pdf 7acb1138fa4c28341aa0bf41b9f5d9017dc0c68a sustainability_14_09110.pdf 2eb6eae8546f725925e0a6aa43b53af2953eb772ca88f4154ba770db664fa424 sustainability_14_09110.pdf Title: A Societal Metabolism Approach to Effectively Analyze the Water–Energy–Food Nexus in an Agricultural Transboundary River Basin Subject: We implemented the semantically open conceptual framework ‘Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism’ (MuSIASEM) to deal with nexus challenges in agricultural production systems in transboundary river basins, using the Iranian Aras River Basin as a case study. The performance of the agricultural sector was characterized for relevant typologies of crop production using metabolic profiles, i.e., inputs and outputs per ton of crop produced, per hectare of land use, and per hour of labor. This analysis was contextualized across hierarchical levels of analysis, including the agronomic context at the regional level (rainfed versus irrigated cultivation), the socio-economic and political context at the national level (food sovereignty; urbanization), and the hydro-ecological context of the larger transboundary river basin (water constraints, GHG emissions). We found that the simultaneous use of two different interrelated logics of aggregation—the productivity of land and labor (relevant for the agronomic and socio-economic dimension) and the density of flows under different land uses (relevant for the hydrological and ecological dimension)—allowed for the identification of trade-offs in policy deliberations. In the case of Iran, it showed that striving for strategic autonomy will exacerbate the current water crisis; with the current cropping patterns, agronomic improvements will not suffice to avert a water crisis. It was concluded that the proposed approach fills an important gap in nexus research, but to effectively guide nexus governance in the region, a co-production of the analysis with social actors as well as more complete data sets at the river basin level would be essential. Keywords: water–energy–food nexus; food security; social-ecological system; societal metabolism; agricultural policy; Aras River Basin; Iran Author: Alireza Taghdisian, Sandra G. F. 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WinAnsi yes yes no 419 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 423 0 BCDIEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 427 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-09-21 02:35:02 CEST RepresentationInformation: sustainability_14_09110.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-09-16 01:34:25 CEST Size: 3500773 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 752 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4923ab24 Item: Title: Study Area and Contextualization Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Children: Item: Title: The Iranian Aras River Basin Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Agriculture in Its National Context Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: The Ecological Context: The Transboundary Aras River Basin Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Methodology: Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Children: Item: Title: The Semantic Framing of the Metabolic Pattern of Social-Ecological Systems Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Formalization: The Accounting Framework Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Formalization of the Set of Relations Used in the Accounting Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Data Sources Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Results: The Metabolic Pattern of Agriculture across Hierarchical Levels Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Children: Item: Title: The Metabolic Profile of Agriculture in the IARB Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: The Nexus across Scales: Visualization of Water Energy Food Linkages Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Contextualization of Food Production in the IARB Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Discussion: Strength and Shortcomings of the Approach and Future Research Needs Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: Appendix A Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Info: Title: A Societal Metabolism Approach to Effectively Analyze the Water Energy Food Nexus in an Agricultural Transboundary River Basin Author: Alireza Taghdisian, Sandra G. F. Bukkens and Mario Giampietro Subject: We implemented the semantically open conceptual framework ‘Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism’ (MuSIASEM) to deal with nexus challenges in agricultural production systems in transboundary river basins, using the Iranian Aras River Basin as a case study. The performance of the agricultural sector was characterized for relevant typologies of crop production using metabolic profiles, i.e., inputs and outputs per ton of crop produced, per hectare of land use, and per hour of labor. This analysis was contextualized across hierarchical levels of analysis, including the agronomic context at the regional level (rainfed versus irrigated cultivation), the socio-economic and political context at the national level (food sovereignty; urbanization), and the hydro-ecological context of the larger transboundary river basin (water constraints, GHG emissions). We found that the simultaneous use of two different interrelated logics of aggregation the productivity of land and labor (relevant for the agronomic and socio-economic dimension) and the density of flows under different land uses (relevant for the hydrological and ecological dimension) allowed for the identification of trade-offs in policy deliberations. In the case of Iran, it showed that striving for strategic autonomy will exacerbate the current water crisis; with the current cropping patterns, agronomic improvements will not suffice to avert a water crisis. It was concluded that the proposed approach fills an important gap in nexus research, but to effectively guide nexus governance in the region, a co-production of the analysis with social actors as well as more complete data sets at the river basin level would be essential. Keywords: water energy food nexus; food security; social-ecological system; societal metabolism; agricultural policy; Aras River Basin; Iran Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Jul 25 14:14:09 CEST 2022 ModDate: Mon Jul 25 14:47:49 CEST 2022 ID: 0x98577c2cca445fd3c5102ce473fa1e59, 0x98577c2cca445fd3c5102ce473fa1e59 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: GXDSZD+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 246 FontDescriptor: FontName: GXDSZD+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: XYPWHM+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 14 FontDescriptor: FontName: XYPWHM+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -29, -960, 1116, 775 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: WOSGIA+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 150 FontDescriptor: FontName: WOSGIA+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 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