aedc8c1569fcfb7cb4a6dde21725529b ijerph_19_09099_v2.pdf 875b309e3c1785f93ac82f7f83b480dff2a43088 ijerph_19_09099_v2.pdf 088bd4a8274bc843ab5b7b7ba968a7ac75033ed6c96918d384180a9916d42858 ijerph_19_09099_v2.pdf Title: Association between Precarious Employment and Chronic Stress: Effect of Gender, Stress Measurement and Precariousness Dimensions—A Cross-Sectional Study Subject: Precarious employment has been highlighted as a social determinant of health, given, among others, to its alleged association with chronic stress. However, few studies have been conducted analyzing such association, using both perceived stress indicators and biological markers. Accordingly, the present study analyzed the association of multidimensional (6 dimensions) precarious employment scale with perceived stress and 23 markers of adrenal and gonadal hormone production, including cortisol. The sample consisted of 255 salaried workers from Barcelona (125 men, 130 women) aged 25–60. OLS regression models stratified by sex were conducted. Results demonstrated that precarious employment increased the probabilities of having perceived stress in both sexes. In addition, the production of adrenal hormones among men is associated with precarious wages and among women with precarious contracts (“Temporariness”, “Disempowerment”, and “Rights” dimensions). Therefore, precarious employment could be embodied by workers, altering their perceived well-being and physiological characteristics. Differences between men and women in the physiological effect of precarious employment could express not just the biochemical differences inherent to biological sex, but also the social construction of gender identities, positions and roles in society and family, as well as gender inequalities in the labour market. Keywords: cortisol; chronic stress; precarious employment; gender; social determinants of health Author: Mireia Julià, Fabrizio Méndez-Rivero, Álex Gómez-Gómez, Óscar J. Pozo and Mireia Bolíbar Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Wed Jul 27 03:58:51 2022 CEST ModDate: Wed Jul 27 04:00:11 2022 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 402853 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- TRUFSY+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 XZJOGA+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 ENADXO+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 SJZFOS+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 MHTQVQ+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 LWQXII+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 46 0 IRWHZX+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 49 0 QDCWHF+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 77 0 QLBIEB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 84 0 ZYYJXI+EURB10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 91 0 XYPWHM+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 95 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-03-02 02:35:12 CET RepresentationInformation: ijerph_19_09099_v2.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-02-25 01:34:28 CET Size: 402853 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 321 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Study Design and Sampling Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Variables Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Children: Item: Title: Descriptive Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Precarious Employment, Perceived Stress, and Production of Adrenal and Gonadal Steroids Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Perceived Stress and Production of Adrenal and Gonadal Steroids: Their Association with the Dimensions of Precarious Employment Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Info: Title: Association between Precarious Employment and Chronic Stress: Effect of Gender, Stress Measurement and Precariousness Dimensions A Cross-Sectional Study Author: Mireia Julià, Fabrizio Méndez-Rivero, Álex Gómez-Gómez, Óscar J. Pozo and Mireia Bolíbar Subject: Precarious employment has been highlighted as a social determinant of health, given, among others, to its alleged association with chronic stress. However, few studies have been conducted analyzing such association, using both perceived stress indicators and biological markers. Accordingly, the present study analyzed the association of multidimensional (6 dimensions) precarious employment scale with perceived stress and 23 markers of adrenal and gonadal hormone production, including cortisol. The sample consisted of 255 salaried workers from Barcelona (125 men, 130 women) aged 25 60. OLS regression models stratified by sex were conducted. Results demonstrated that precarious employment increased the probabilities of having perceived stress in both sexes. In addition, the production of adrenal hormones among men is associated with precarious wages and among women with precarious contracts (“Temporariness”, “Disempowerment”, and “Rights” dimensions). Therefore, precarious employment could be embodied by workers, altering their perceived well-being and physiological characteristics. Differences between men and women in the physiological effect of precarious employment could express not just the biochemical differences inherent to biological sex, but also the social construction of gender identities, positions and roles in society and family, as well as gender inequalities in the labour market. 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