10f61789461d13f36bc5b95585c203d0 pmc_35053474.pdf a033dd93d6dab1d4ed85c7a5a42daff72f191ccd pmc_35053474.pdf 7684b16228582ce05a6054ea2013d2c449d6872b1a39da6d359bfb353b49d8ef pmc_35053474.pdf Title: Role of ctDNA in Breast Cancer Subject: Breast cancer is currently classified by immunohistochemistry. However, technological advances in the detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have made new options available for diagnosis, classification, biological knowledge, and treatment selection. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and ctDNA can accurately reflect this heterogeneity, allowing us to detect, monitor, and understand the evolution of the disease. Breast cancer patients have higher levels of circulating DNA than healthy subjects, and ctDNA can be used for different objectives at different timepoints of the disease, ranging from screening and early detection to monitoring for resistance mutations in advanced disease. In early breast cancer, ctDNA clearance has been associated with higher rates of complete pathological response after neoadjuvant treatment and with fewer recurrences after radical treatments. In metastatic disease, ctDNA can help select the optimal sequencing of treatments. In the future, thanks to new bioinformatics tools, the use of ctDNA in breast cancer will become more frequent, enhancing our knowledge of the biology of tumors. Moreover, deep learning algorithms may also be able to predict breast cancer evolution or treatment sensitivity. In the coming years, continued research and the improvement of liquid biopsy techniques will be key to the implementation of ctDNA analysis in routine clinical practice. Keywords: ctDNA; breast cancer; personalized medicine; liquid biopsy; cancer diagnosis Author: Marta Sant, Adrià Bernat-Peguera, Eudald Felip and Mireia Margelí Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sun Jan 9 07:19:30 2022 CET ModDate: Sun Jan 9 07:23:01 2022 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 577241 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- HKBJPQ+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 PWZMAK+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 SAXNTA+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 XBEKZU+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 PYPZKK+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 36 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 40 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 44 0 LCJEVJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 57 0 IXLVLQ+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 79 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 86 0 GFLBEK+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 97 0 GFLBEL+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 100 0 GFLBEM+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 106 0 GFLBEO+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 109 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-11-18 02:31:40 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_35053474.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-01-31 03:37:59 CET Size: 577241 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 437 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4923ab24 Children: Item: Title: The Role of Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) in Breast Cancer Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: ctDNA Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Methodology Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Methods for ctDNA Detection and Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: ctDNA in Early Breast Cancer Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Children: Item: Title: ctDNA in Breast Cancer Diagnosis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: ctDNA-Based Follow-Up Assessments Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Detection of MRD Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Epigenetic ctDNA Alterations Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: ctDNA in Metastatic Breast Cancer Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Children: Item: Title: Tumor Burden Dynamics and Response to Treatment Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Prognostic Markers Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Genetic Heterogeneity and Clonal Evolution Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: ctDNA Quantification and Gene Mutations Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: ctDNA Gene Alterations in Metastatic Breast Cancer Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: Future Perspectives Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Info: Title: Role of ctDNA in Breast Cancer Author: Marta Sant, Adrià Bernat-Peguera, Eudald Felip and Mireia Margelí Subject: Breast cancer is currently classified by immunohistochemistry. However, technological advances in the detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have made new options available for diagnosis, classification, biological knowledge, and treatment selection. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and ctDNA can accurately reflect this heterogeneity, allowing us to detect, monitor, and understand the evolution of the disease. Breast cancer patients have higher levels of circulating DNA than healthy subjects, and ctDNA can be used for different objectives at different timepoints of the disease, ranging from screening and early detection to monitoring for resistance mutations in advanced disease. In early breast cancer, ctDNA clearance has been associated with higher rates of complete pathological response after neoadjuvant treatment and with fewer recurrences after radical treatments. In metastatic disease, ctDNA can help select the optimal sequencing of treatments. In the future, thanks to new bioinformatics tools, the use of ctDNA in breast cancer will become more frequent, enhancing our knowledge of the biology of tumors. Moreover, deep learning algorithms may also be able to predict breast cancer evolution or treatment sensitivity. In the coming years, continued research and the improvement of liquid biopsy techniques will be key to the implementation of ctDNA analysis in routine clinical practice. 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