3c5542cd4073b004469bf7286c0ce4a6 pmc_8955812.pdf 6e7d08d47f3f318db60fc645737ccc2ac646c668 pmc_8955812.pdf 02aeb49bed6a7585e9688f382090593cc2f039024aba52d3fe1f3e23ffb2e9ee pmc_8955812.pdf Title: Cognitive and Adaptive Effects of Early Growth Hormone Treatment in Prader–Willi Syndrome Patients: A Cohort Study Subject: Background: Prader–Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetically based neurodevelopmental disease characterized by obesity, hyperphagia, and mild to moderate intellectual disability. Treatment with growth hormone (GH) could provide cognitive benefits. The objective of the present study was to compare the cognitive and adaptive performance of 31 patients with genetically confirmed PWS grouped in two cohorts, one treated with GH before 2 years old (Group 1) and the other receiving the treatment later (Group 2). Method: We compared two variables necessary to diagnose intellectual disability: intellectual performance, using the Weschler scales, and adaptive behavior, using the DABS scale. The scores were analyzed by means of non-parametric statistical tests. Results: Group 1 (n = 10) obtained higher and statistically significant scores in Total Intelligence Quotient (TIQ), General Ability Index (GAI), and General Adaptive Behavior (GAB), implying better cognitive and adaptive performance compared to Group 2. Conclusions: Treatment with GH should be administered in the early stage of development (before 2 years old) to obtain greater benefits at the cognitive and adaptive levels. Keywords: Prader–Willi Syndrome; growth hormone treatment; cognition; adaptive behavior Author: Aitana Ayet-Roger, Lorena Joga-Elvira, Assumpta Caixàs and Raquel Corripio Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Mar 14 07:03:11 2022 CET ModDate: Mon Mar 14 07:30:10 2022 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 9 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 382499 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- WNWTFR+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 GFKJOY+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 HKNMIQ+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 DJTEBX+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 LMAPVE+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 MCBCCI+SourceSansRoman-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes no 36 0 MCBCCM+SourceSansRoman.613wght Type 1C Custom yes yes no 40 0 MCBCCO+SourceSansRoman-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 44 0 XPUSBJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 56 0 BSDWLC+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 59 0 QLBIEB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 87 0 QGUKZH+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 97 0 LDJJNN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 106 0 LDJJNP+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 109 0 LDJJPB+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 112 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-05-30 02:31:22 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_8955812.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-04-26 17:59:25 CEST Size: 382499 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 227 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Children: Item: Title: GH Treatment Effects Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: GH Treatment and Cognition in Childhood Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: GH Treatment and Cognition in Adults Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Children: Item: Title: Participants Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Instruments: Cognitive Functioning and Adaptive Behavior Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Children: Item: Title: Descriptive Data Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Cognition and Adaptive Behavior of the Total Simple Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Comparison of Cognition and Adaptive Behavior in the Two Groups Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Info: Title: Cognitive and Adaptive Effects of Early Growth Hormone Treatment in Prader Willi Syndrome Patients: A Cohort Study Author: Aitana Ayet-Roger, Lorena Joga-Elvira, Assumpta Caixàs and Raquel Corripio Subject: Background: Prader Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetically based neurodevelopmental disease characterized by obesity, hyperphagia, and mild to moderate intellectual disability. Treatment with growth hormone (GH) could provide cognitive benefits. The objective of the present study was to compare the cognitive and adaptive performance of 31 patients with genetically confirmed PWS grouped in two cohorts, one treated with GH before 2 years old (Group 1) and the other receiving the treatment later (Group 2). Method: We compared two variables necessary to diagnose intellectual disability: intellectual performance, using the Weschler scales, and adaptive behavior, using the DABS scale. The scores were analyzed by means of non-parametric statistical tests. Results: Group 1 (n = 10) obtained higher and statistically significant scores in Total Intelligence Quotient (TIQ), General Ability Index (GAI), and General Adaptive Behavior (GAB), implying better cognitive and adaptive performance compared to Group 2. Conclusions: Treatment with GH should be administered in the early stage of development (before 2 years old) to obtain greater benefits at the cognitive and adaptive levels. 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