679b7459fb6fc7c7455df36c8e799f2f pmc_9122645.pdf e2d48401d5c06ed80eebaf6175c514b709adf3e3 pmc_9122645.pdf cbd9ec84c783fcd576428444af0b1f49ee17ea1ef2fae42b59c3f187afd64196 pmc_9122645.pdf Title: Reduced humoral response 3 months following BNT162b2 vaccination in SARS-CoV-2 uninfected residents of long-term care facilities Subject: AcademicSubjects/MED00280, DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac101, Age and Ageing, 51, 00, 00 00 0000. Abstract: Background: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is the most effective strategy to protect older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCF) against severe COVID-19, but primary vaccine responses are less effective in older adults. Here, we characterised the humoral responses of institutionalised seniors 3€months after they had received the mRNA/BNT162b2 vaccine. Methods: plasma levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific total IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies were measured before and 3€months after vaccination in older residents of LTCF. Neutralisation capacity was assessed in a pseudovirus neutralisation assay against the original WH1 and later B.1.617.2/Delta variants. A group of younger adults was used as a reference group. Results: three months after vaccination, uninfected older adults presented reduced SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG levels and a significantly lower neutralisation capacity against the WH1 and Delta variants compared with vaccinated uninfected younger individuals. In contrast, COVID-19-recovered older adults showed significantly higher SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG levels after vaccination than their younger counterparts, whereas showing similar neutralisation activity against the WH1 virus and an increased neutralisation capacity against the Delta variant. Although, similarly to younger individuals, previously infected older adults elicit potent cross-reactive immune responses, higher quantities of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies are required to reach the same neutralisation levels. Conclusions: although hybrid immunity seems to be active in previously infected older adults 3€months after mRNA/BNT162b2 vaccination, humoral immune responses are diminished in COVID-19 uninfected but vaccinated older residents of LTCF. These results suggest that a vaccine booster dose should be prioritised for this particularly vulnerable population. Keywords: Author: Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: Acrobat Distiller 22.0 (Windows) CreationDate: Thu May 5 12:28:14 2022 CEST ModDate: Thu May 5 12:28:14 2022 CEST Tagged: yes UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 10 Encrypted: no Page size: 612.332 x 790.759 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 743626 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- HMDBIM+GillSansStd-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1332 0 HMDBIN+GillSansStd-LightItalic Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1321 0 HMDBJO+GillSansStd-Light Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1333 0 HMDBJP+AGaramondPro-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1334 0 HMDBKA+GillSansMTStd-Light Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1322 0 HMDBOA+AGaramondPro-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1335 0 HMDCBP+GillSansStd-BoldItalic Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 33 0 HMDCFP+MTMI Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 34 0 HMDCJO+AGaramondPro-Italic Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 35 0 HMDDAM+AGaramondPro-BoldItalic Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 36 0 HMDDDM+MTSYN Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 37 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-09-29 02:37:44 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_9122645.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-09-28 02:19:18 CEST Size: 743626 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed, but not valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul ID: PDF-HUL-122 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - 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referenced object 'f6' cannot be found Offset: 620036 ID: PDF-HUL-122 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'f6' cannot be found Offset: 620036 ID: PDF-HUL-122 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'f8' cannot be found Offset: 620036 ID: PDF-HUL-122 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'f8' cannot be found Offset: 620036 ID: PDF-HUL-122 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'myrefsref6' cannot be found Offset: 620036 ID: PDF-HUL-122 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'myrefsref7' cannot be found Offset: 620036 MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF, Tagged PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 1362 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 1 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: true CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: true NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseOutlines Language: en Outlines: Item: Title: Reduced humoral response 3 months following BNT162b2 vaccination in SARS-CoV-2 uninfected residents of long-term care facilities Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@66d1af89 Children: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@8646db9 Item: Title: Material and methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@37374a5e Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4671e53b Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@2db7a79b Item: Title: 5 Acknowledgement of Collaborative Authors: Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6950e31 Item: Title: 6 Acknowledgements: Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@b7dd107 Item: Title: 7 Declaration of Conflicts of Interest: Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@42eca56e Item: Title: 8 Declaration of Sources of Funding: Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@52f759d7 Info: Title: Reduced humoral response 3 months following BNT162b2 vaccination in SARS-CoV-2 uninfected residents of long-term care facilities Author: Subject: AcademicSubjects/MED00280, DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac101, Age and Ageing, 51, 00, 00 00 0000. Abstract: Background: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is the most effective strategy to protect older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCF) against severe COVID-19, but primary vaccine responses are less effective in older adults. Here, we characterised the humoral responses of institutionalised seniors 3€months after they had received the mRNA/BNT162b2 vaccine. Methods: plasma levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific total IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies were measured before and 3€months after vaccination in older residents of LTCF. Neutralisation capacity was assessed in a pseudovirus neutralisation assay against the original WH1 and later B.1.617.2/Delta variants. A group of younger adults was used as a reference group. Results: three months after vaccination, uninfected older adults presented reduced SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG levels and a significantly lower neutralisation capacity against the WH1 and Delta variants compared with vaccinated uninfected younger individuals. In contrast, COVID-19-recovered older adults showed significantly higher SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG levels after vaccination than their younger counterparts, whereas showing similar neutralisation activity against the WH1 virus and an increased neutralisation capacity against the Delta variant. Although, similarly to younger individuals, previously infected older adults elicit potent cross-reactive immune responses, higher quantities of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies are required to reach the same neutralisation levels. Conclusions: although hybrid immunity seems to be active in previously infected older adults 3€months after mRNA/BNT162b2 vaccination, humoral immune responses are diminished in COVID-19 uninfected but vaccinated older residents of LTCF. These results suggest that a vaccine booster dose should be prioritised for this particularly vulnerable population. Keywords: Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: Acrobat Distiller 22.0 (Windows) CreationDate: Thu May 05 12:58:14 CEST 2022 ModDate: Thu May 05 12:58:14 CEST 2022 ID: 0xb0a349356126556db4c7bf2ddef436c6, 0x49a349ab798cb554d246f416ef3bdf26 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode FilterPipeline: DCTDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 2000 ImageHeight: 2114 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 2000 ImageHeight: 1567 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: HMDCBP+GillSansStd-BoldItalic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 46 LastChar: 116 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDCBP+GillSansStd-BoldItalic Flags: Symbolic, Italic, ForceBold FontBBox: -190, -250, 1074, 915 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDCFP+MTMI FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 62 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDCFP+MTMI Flags: Serif, Symbolic, Italic FontBBox: 0, -213, 987, 680 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDCJO+AGaramondPro-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 40 LastChar: 121 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDCJO+AGaramondPro-Italic Flags: Serif, Symbolic, Italic FontBBox: -182, -338, 1668, 917 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDBIM+GillSansStd-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 45 LastChar: 121 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDBIM+GillSansStd-Bold Flags: Symbolic, ForceBold FontBBox: -177, -250, 1167, 929 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDDAM+AGaramondPro-BoldItalic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 45 LastChar: 118 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDDAM+AGaramondPro-BoldItalic Flags: Symbolic, Italic, ForceBold FontBBox: -183, -301, 1184, 894 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDBJO+GillSansStd-Light FontSubset: true FirstChar: 40 LastChar: 243 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDBJO+GillSansStd-Light Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -215, -250, 1036, 897 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDDDM+MTSYN FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 138 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDDDM+MTSYN Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -954, 1043, 900 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDBJP+AGaramondPro-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 243 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDBJP+AGaramondPro-Regular Flags: Serif, Symbolic FontBBox: -183, -354, 1356, 917 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDBOA+AGaramondPro-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 148 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDBOA+AGaramondPro-Bold Flags: Serif, Symbolic, ForceBold FontBBox: -158, -302, 1147, 899 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDBIN+GillSansStd-LightItalic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 65 LastChar: 110 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDBIN+GillSansStd-LightItalic Flags: Symbolic, Italic FontBBox: -205, -250, 1051, 894 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HMDBKA+GillSansMTStd-Light FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 193 FontDescriptor: FontName: HMDBKA+GillSansMTStd-Light Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -215, -232, 1036, 937 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true XMP: application/pdf Reduced humoral response 3 months following BNT162b2 vaccination in SARS-CoV-2 uninfected residents of long-term care facilities Trigueros MacedoniaPradenas EdwardsPalacín DolorsMuñoz-López FranciscoÁvila-Nieto CarlosTrinité BenjaminBonet-Simó Josep MariaIsnard MarMoreno NemesioMarfil SilviaRovirosa CarlaPuig TeresaGrau EulàliaChamorro AnnaMartinez AnaToledo RuthFont MartaAra JordiCarrillo JorgeMateu LourdesBlanco JuliàClotet BonaventuraPrat NuriaMassanella Marta AcademicSubjects/MED00280, DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac101, Age and Ageing, 51, 00, 00 00 0000. Abstract: Background: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is the most effective strategy to protect older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCF) against severe COVID-19, but primary vaccine responses are less effective in older adults. Here, we characterised the humoral responses of institutionalised seniors 3 months after they had received the mRNA/BNT162b2 vaccine. Methods: plasma levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific total IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies were measured before and 3 months after vaccination in older residents of LTCF. Neutralisation capacity was assessed in a pseudovirus neutralisation assay against the original WH1 and later B.1.617.2/Delta variants. A group of younger adults was used as a reference group. Results: three months after vaccination, uninfected older adults presented reduced SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG levels and a significantly lower neutralisation capacity against the WH1 and Delta variants compared with vaccinated uninfected younger individuals. In contrast, COVID-19-recovered older adults showed significantly higher SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG levels after vaccination than their younger counterparts, whereas showing similar neutralisation activity against the WH1 virus and an increased neutralisation capacity against the Delta variant. Although, similarly to younger individuals, previously infected older adults elicit potent cross-reactive immune responses, higher quantities of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies are required to reach the same neutralisation levels. Conclusions: although hybrid immunity seems to be active in previously infected older adults 3 months after mRNA/BNT162b2 vaccination, humoral immune responses are diminished in COVID-19 uninfected but vaccinated older residents of LTCF. These results suggest that a vaccine booster dose should be prioritised for this particularly vulnerable population. older peopleBNT162b2 vaccinenursing homeslong-term care facilitieshumoral immune responseSARS-CoV-2 © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. 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