4d91f17c1fac9a85280ba74b944b4846 pmc_9225139.pdf 908df15cd57f653ce410ab21086a387d42f24d0b pmc_9225139.pdf 91c29fc388b40e9751ddd59380032417f6f9c60187409138a88fbe401ad6f5db pmc_9225139.pdf Title: When Sugar Reaches the Liver: Phenotypes of Patients with Diabetes and NAFLD Subject: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been traditionally linked to one another. Recent studies suggest that NAFLD may be increasingly common in other types of diabetes such as type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and less frequently ketone-prone and Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) diabetes. In this review, we address the relationship between hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and the onset and progression of NAFLD. In addition, despite the high rate of patients with T2DM and other diabetes phenotypes that can alter liver metabolism and consequently develop steatosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, NALFD screening is not still implemented in the daily care routine. Incorporating a clinical algorithm created around a simple, non-invasive, cost-effective model would identify high-risk patients. The principle behind managing these patients is to improve insulin resistance and hyperglycemia states with lifestyle changes, weight loss, and new drug therapies. Keywords: type 2 diabetes; type 1 diabetes; ketone-prone diabetes; MODY diabetes; NAFLD; NASH; liver fibrosis Author: Alba Rojano-Toimil, Jesús Rivera-Esteban, Ramiro Manzano-Nuñez, Juan Bañares, David Martinez Selva, Pablo Gabriel-Medina, Roser Ferrer, Juan M Pericàs and Andreea Ciudin Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Jun 9 05:22:16 2022 CEST ModDate: Thu Jun 9 05:28:35 2022 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 21 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1086957 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- EVMIUM+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 KOPYRM+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 KCWWFA+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 ZNOKKL+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 TZESMQ+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 XPUSBJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 46 0 BSDWLC+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 49 0 BCDEEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 76 0 BCDFEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 80 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 84 0 BCDJEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 88 0 DORTIW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 103 0 LZPXVG+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 113 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-05-17 03:29:54 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_9225139.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-05-17 02:38:14 CEST Size: 1086957 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 668 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Methodology Destination: section.2 Item: Title: Diabetes Clinical Phenotypes Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity The Metabolic Syndrome Paradigm Destination: subsection.3.1 Children: Item: Title: Epidemiology Destination: subsubsection.3.1.1 Item: Title: Pathophysiology Destination: subsubsection.3.1.2 Item: Title: Clinical Manifestations Destination: subsubsection.3.1.3 Item: Title: Management: Diagnosis and Interventions Destination: subsubsection.3.1.4 Item: Title: Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM) Destination: subsection.3.2 Children: Item: Title: Epidemiology Destination: subsubsection.3.2.1 Item: Title: Pathophysiology Destination: subsubsection.3.2.2 Item: Title: Clinical Manifestations Destination: subsubsection.3.2.3 Item: Title: Management: Diagnosis and Interventions Destination: subsubsection.3.2.4 Item: Title: MODY Diabetes Destination: subsection.3.3 Children: Item: Title: Epidemiology Destination: subsubsection.3.3.1 Item: Title: Pathophysiology Destination: subsubsection.3.3.2 Item: Title: Clinical Manifestations Destination: subsubsection.3.3.3 Item: Title: Management: Diagnosis and Interventions Destination: subsubsection.3.3.4 Item: Title: Ketone-Prone Diabetes (KPD) Destination: subsection.3.4 Children: Item: Title: Epidemiology Destination: subsubsection.3.4.1 Item: Title: Pathophysiology Destination: subsubsection.3.4.2 Item: Title: Clinical Manifestations Destination: subsubsection.3.4.3 Item: Title: Management: Diagnosis and Interventions Destination: subsubsection.3.4.4 Item: Title: Algorithm of Diagnosis and Treatment Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Concluding Remarks Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: When Sugar Reaches the Liver: Phenotypes of Patients with Diabetes and NAFLD Author: Alba Rojano-Toimil, Jesús Rivera-Esteban, Ramiro Manzano-Nuñez, Juan Bañares, David Martinez Selva, Pablo Gabriel-Medina, Roser Ferrer, Juan M Pericàs and Andreea Ciudin Subject: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been traditionally linked to one another. Recent studies suggest that NAFLD may be increasingly common in other types of diabetes such as type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and less frequently ketone-prone and Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) diabetes. In this review, we address the relationship between hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and the onset and progression of NAFLD. In addition, despite the high rate of patients with T2DM and other diabetes phenotypes that can alter liver metabolism and consequently develop steatosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, NALFD screening is not still implemented in the daily care routine. Incorporating a clinical algorithm created around a simple, non-invasive, cost-effective model would identify high-risk patients. The principle behind managing these patients is to improve insulin resistance and hyperglycemia states with lifestyle changes, weight loss, and new drug therapies. 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