d86a9112b16501fa4150e7fcfde2c62c pmc_9227922.pdf 0436b843d4eb49655e1fb344010fb2fd9ff39779 pmc_9227922.pdf 69c71ce5fa69972476c2f923e30c32fd347c92690ab20673419b2fbbe6205ef7 pmc_9227922.pdf Title: Circulating MicroRNAs as a Tool for Diagnosis of Liver Disease Progression in People Living with HIV-1 Subject: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by binding specific cell mRNA targets, preventing their translation. miRNAs are implicated in the regulation of important physiological and pathological pathways. Liver disease, including injury, fibrosis, metabolism dysregulation, and tumor development disrupts liver-associated miRNAs. In addition to their effect in the originating tissue, miRNAs can also circulate in body fluids. miRNA release is an important form of intercellular communication that plays a role in the physiological and pathological processes underlying multiple diseases. Circulating plasma levels of miRNAs have been identified as potential disease biomarkers. One of the main challenges clinics face is the lack of available noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting the different stages of liver disease (e.g., nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis), particularly among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Liver disease is a leading cause of death unrelated to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). Here, we review and discuss the utility of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of liver disease in PLWH. Remarkably, the identification of dysregulated miRNA expression may also identify targets for new therapeutics. Keywords: miRNAs; liver injury; biomarker; diagnosis; prognosis; HIV-1 Author: Miguel Angel Martinez, Cristina Tural and Sandra Franco Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue May 24 03:48:51 2022 CEST ModDate: Tue May 24 03:52:05 2022 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1026653 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- XXFART+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 HIOPZR+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 ZIRPPM+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 WRHUPG+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 DXWSGT+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 HOWKDX+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 46 0 HNONNA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 75 0 HNONNC+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 78 0 HNONNE+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 81 0 HNONNA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 95 0 HNONNC+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 98 0 HNONNE+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 101 0 QDCWHF+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 111 0 HNONNA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 131 0 HNONNC+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 134 0 HNONNE+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 137 0 HNPANE+SegoeUI CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 140 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-09-28 02:34:38 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_9227922.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-09-27 02:17:36 CEST Size: 1026653 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 472 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: HIV-1 and Liver Disease Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: MicroRNAs and Liver Disease Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Liver Disease Progression in HIV-1-Infected Patients Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Info: Title: Circulating MicroRNAs as a Tool for Diagnosis of Liver Disease Progression in People Living with HIV-1 Author: Miguel Angel Martinez, Cristina Tural and Sandra Franco Subject: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by binding specific cell mRNA targets, preventing their translation. miRNAs are implicated in the regulation of important physiological and pathological pathways. Liver disease, including injury, fibrosis, metabolism dysregulation, and tumor development disrupts liver-associated miRNAs. In addition to their effect in the originating tissue, miRNAs can also circulate in body fluids. miRNA release is an important form of intercellular communication that plays a role in the physiological and pathological processes underlying multiple diseases. Circulating plasma levels of miRNAs have been identified as potential disease biomarkers. One of the main challenges clinics face is the lack of available noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting the different stages of liver disease (e.g., nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis), particularly among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Liver disease is a leading cause of death unrelated to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). Here, we review and discuss the utility of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of liver disease in PLWH. Remarkably, the identification of dysregulated miRNA expression may also identify targets for new therapeutics. 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