c1f3a754be3f05fa13c70d3b7e954ec8 pmc_9230454.pdf 15bf48d9388fe2b3cecb76bd6b82cc2667c53078 pmc_9230454.pdf c9cabff0f10ec287e25159bdc69020bbdcc354ee1b8b91c1c104d2e382c15f12 pmc_9230454.pdf Title: Antimicrobial Resistant Salmonella in Chelonians: Assessing Its Potential Risk in Zoological Institutions in Spain Subject: Salmonella is mostly noted as a food-borne pathogen, but contact with chelonians has also been reported as a source of infection. Moreover, high levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have been reported in Salmonella isolated from wild and captive reptiles. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of Salmonella AMR carriage by chelonians admitted to two zoological institutions in Spain, characterizing the isolates to assess the Salmonella AMR epidemiology in wildlife. To this end, 152 chelonians from nine species were sampled upon their arrival at the zoological nuclei. Salmonella identification was based on ISO 6579-1:2017 (Annex D), isolates were serotyped and their AMR analysed according to the EU Decision 2013/652. Moreover, the genetic relationship of the isolates was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results showed 19% (29/152) of the chelonians positive to Salmonella, all of them tortoises. For all isolates, 69% (20/29) were resistant and 34% (10/29) multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. PFGE clustered isolates according to the serovar, confirming a low genetic diversity. In conclusion, this study shows a high presence of MDR Salmonella strains in tortoises at their entry into zoological nuclei. This condition highlights the need to establish Salmonella detection protocols for the entry of animals into these centres. Keywords: Salmonella; antibiotic resistance; zoonoses; tortoises; wildlife Author: Clara Marin, Bárbara Martín-Maldonado, Marta Cerdà-Cuéllar, Sandra Sevilla-Navarro, Laura Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Laura Montoro-Dasi, Alicia Manzanares, Teresa Ayats, Aida Mencía-Gutiérrez, Jaume Jordá, Fernando González, Carlos Rojo-Solís, Carlos Barros, Daniel García-Párraga and Santiago Vega Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Wed Jun 15 02:45:37 2022 CEST ModDate: Wed Jun 15 02:46:58 2022 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 860748 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- JKBIKE+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 EIRADG+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 AVOFSN+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 HFRCGP+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 SYWDVY+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 VJNASK+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 CTCXDQ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 50 0 LGXVCI+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 75 0 WABLSD+SFRM1000 Type 1 Custom yes yes no 79 0 CAMXTK+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 87 0 JMAOMO+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 100 0 JMAOOA+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 103 0 JMAOOC+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 106 0 LDHCMG+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 123 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-01-19 02:29:24 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_9230454.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-12-14 02:18:13 CET Size: 860748 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 374 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4923ab24 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Children: Item: Title: Sample Collection Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Salmonella Detection and Serotyping Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Molecular Typing of Salmonella Isolates Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Statistical analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Info: Title: Antimicrobial Resistant Salmonella in Chelonians: Assessing Its Potential Risk in Zoological Institutions in Spain Author: Clara Marin, Bárbara Martín-Maldonado, Marta Cerdà-Cuéllar, Sandra Sevilla-Navarro, Laura Lorenzo-Rebenaque, Laura Montoro-Dasi, Alicia Manzanares, Teresa Ayats, Aida Mencía-Gutiérrez, Jaume Jordá, Fernando González, Carlos Rojo-Solís, Carlos Barros, Daniel García-Párraga and Santiago Vega Subject: Salmonella is mostly noted as a food-borne pathogen, but contact with chelonians has also been reported as a source of infection. Moreover, high levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have been reported in Salmonella isolated from wild and captive reptiles. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of Salmonella AMR carriage by chelonians admitted to two zoological institutions in Spain, characterizing the isolates to assess the Salmonella AMR epidemiology in wildlife. To this end, 152 chelonians from nine species were sampled upon their arrival at the zoological nuclei. Salmonella identification was based on ISO 6579-1:2017 (Annex D), isolates were serotyped and their AMR analysed according to the EU Decision 2013/652. Moreover, the genetic relationship of the isolates was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results showed 19% (29/152) of the chelonians positive to Salmonella, all of them tortoises. For all isolates, 69% (20/29) were resistant and 34% (10/29) multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. PFGE clustered isolates according to the serovar, confirming a low genetic diversity. In conclusion, this study shows a high presence of MDR Salmonella strains in tortoises at their entry into zoological nuclei. This condition highlights the need to establish Salmonella detection protocols for the entry of animals into these centres. 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