aaaf1405cff4c0ed485f7a8464216c01 pmc_9506019.pdf 41d9bc53239824593d3748787e78086028a07aaf pmc_9506019.pdf 4762ad6685942badd3d70e536ed098892c8fa434601b9feff6cebb8a3b773fa1 pmc_9506019.pdf Title: Intercontinental Gut Microbiome Variances in IBD Subject: The development of biomarkers for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis would be relevant in a generalized context. However, intercontinental investigation on these microbial biomarkers remains scarce. We examined taxonomic microbiome variations in IBD using published DNA shotgun metagenomic data. For this purpose, we used sequenced data from our previous Spanish Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) cohort, downloaded sequence data from a Chinese CD cohort, and downloaded taxonomic and functional profiling tables from a USA CD and UC cohort. At the global level, geographical location and disease phenotype were the main explanatory covariates of microbiome variations. In healthy controls (HC) and UC, geography turned out to be the most important factor, while disease intestinal location was the most important one in CD. Disease severity correlated with lower alpha-diversity in UC but not in CD. Across geography, alpha-diversity was significantly different independently of health status, except for CD. Despite recruitment from different countries and with different disease severity scores, CD patients may harbor a very similar microbial taxonomic profile. Our study pointed out that geographic location, disease activity status, and other environmental factors are important contributing factors in microbiota changes in IBD. We therefore strongly recommend taking these factors into consideration for future IBD studies to obtain globally valid and reproducible biomarkers. Keywords: microbiome; IBD; geography Author: Luis Mayorga, Gerard Serrano-Gómez, Zixuan Xie, Natalia Borruel and Chaysavanh Manichanh Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sat Sep 17 16:02:56 2022 CEST ModDate: Sat Sep 17 16:09:57 2022 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 15 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2349154 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- SOZKOC+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 KORLVE+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 WVOAGL+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 XUEYGX+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 AVYKNI+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 IRWHZX+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 46 0 CKUPDE+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 49 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WinAnsi yes yes no 258 0 NMDKFB+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 261 0 NMDKFC+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 264 0 NMDKBP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 276 0 NMDKEP+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 282 0 NMDKFA+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 288 0 NMDKFB+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 291 0 NMDKFC+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 294 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2022-10-29 02:22:52 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_9506019.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2022-10-06 02:16:06 CEST Size: 2349154 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 505 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4923ab24 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Children: Item: Title: Participants’ Characteristics and Fecal Samples Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Fecal Microbiome Variation Explained by Covariates in the Metadata Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Geographical and Disease-Related Dysbiosis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Taxonomic Profile Associated with Disease Phenotype and Severity Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Taxonomic Differences across Countries and Health Status Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Children: Item: Title: Collection of Metagenomic Data Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Filtering of the Datasets Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Upstream Sequence Analysis: Quality Control, Decontamination and Profiling Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Statistical Analyses Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Info: Title: Intercontinental Gut Microbiome Variances in IBD Author: Luis Mayorga, Gerard Serrano-Gómez, Zixuan Xie, Natalia Borruel and Chaysavanh Manichanh Subject: The development of biomarkers for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis would be relevant in a generalized context. However, intercontinental investigation on these microbial biomarkers remains scarce. We examined taxonomic microbiome variations in IBD using published DNA shotgun metagenomic data. For this purpose, we used sequenced data from our previous Spanish Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) cohort, downloaded sequence data from a Chinese CD cohort, and downloaded taxonomic and functional profiling tables from a USA CD and UC cohort. At the global level, geographical location and disease phenotype were the main explanatory covariates of microbiome variations. In healthy controls (HC) and UC, geography turned out to be the most important factor, while disease intestinal location was the most important one in CD. Disease severity correlated with lower alpha-diversity in UC but not in CD. Across geography, alpha-diversity was significantly different independently of health status, except for CD. Despite recruitment from different countries and with different disease severity scores, CD patients may harbor a very similar microbial taxonomic profile. Our study pointed out that geographic location, disease activity status, and other environmental factors are important contributing factors in microbiota changes in IBD. We therefore strongly recommend taking these factors into consideration for future IBD studies to obtain globally valid and reproducible biomarkers. 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