5218239e667454a9ec99918423154a26 pmc_9740657.pdf f84a20d17a425ad98c95d9511a2233ebafd63a98 pmc_9740657.pdf ae83fb68ece15d0a248dde8950eb84a7928358ef3cc44816bf0cedb58b535b01 pmc_9740657.pdf Title: Social Support and Mental Health in the Postpartum Period in Times of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Spanish Multicentre Cohort Study Subject: Background: To explore the depression and anxiety symptoms in the postpartum period during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and to identify potential risk factors. Methods: A multicentre observational cohort study including 536 women was performed at three hospitals in Spain. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) Scale, the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) were assessed after birth. Depression (EPDS) and anxiety (STAI) symptoms were measured, and the cut-off scores were set at 10 and 13 for EPDS, and at 40 for STAI. Results: Regarding EPDS, 32.3% (95% CI, 28% to 36.5%) of women had a score 10, and 17.3% (95% CI, 13.9% to 20.7%) had a score 13. Women with an STAI score 40 accounted for 46.8% (95% CI, 42.3% to 51.2%). A lower level of social support (MOS-SSS), a fetal malformation diagnosis and a history of depression (p = 0.000, p = 0.019 and p = 0.043) were independent risk factors for postpartum depression. A lower level of social support and a history of mental health disorders (p = 0.000, p = 0.003) were independent risk factors for postpartum anxiety. Conclusion: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an increase in symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed during the postpartum period. Keywords: anxiety; depression; pregnancy; pandemic; social support; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Author: Maia Brik, Miguel Sandonis, Elena Rocio Horrillo Murillo, Rogelio Monfort Ortiz, Alexandra Arteaga Fernandez, Maria de Arriba, Sara Fernández, Nuria Iglesias Román, Gemma Parramon-Puig, Anna Suy, María Emilia Dip, Alfredo Perales Marin, Nerea Maiz, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga and Elena Carreras Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Nov 22 13:43:12 2022 CET ModDate: Tue Nov 22 13:49:11 2022 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 10 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 526953 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- SSNIUI+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 PXAHNA+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 OFKOYS+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 JPHAOZ+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 GQWIGS+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 NBMIUS+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 LWQXII+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 50 0 IRWHZX+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 53 0 OENGAP+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 94 0 OENGBA+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 100 0 OENGCA+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 106 0 OENGCB+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 112 0 OENGCC+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 115 0 OENGCD+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 118 0 WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 130 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-08-29 02:27:36 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_9740657.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-08-03 02:24:57 CEST Size: 526953 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 250 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Material and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Children: Item: Title: Descriptive Data Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Regression Analysis for Depression Symptoms Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Regression Analysis for Anxiety Symptoms Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Mother-to-Infant Bonding Disorder and Maternal Mental Health Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Info: Title: Social Support and Mental Health in the Postpartum Period in Times of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Spanish Multicentre Cohort Study Author: Maia Brik, Miguel Sandonis, Elena Rocio Horrillo Murillo, Rogelio Monfort Ortiz, Alexandra Arteaga Fernandez, Maria de Arriba, Sara Fernández, Nuria Iglesias Román, Gemma Parramon-Puig, Anna Suy, María Emilia Dip, Alfredo Perales Marin, Nerea Maiz, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga and Elena Carreras Subject: Background: To explore the depression and anxiety symptoms in the postpartum period during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and to identify potential risk factors. Methods: A multicentre observational cohort study including 536 women was performed at three hospitals in Spain. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) Scale, the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) were assessed after birth. Depression (EPDS) and anxiety (STAI) symptoms were measured, and the cut-off scores were set at 10 and 13 for EPDS, and at 40 for STAI. Results: Regarding EPDS, 32.3% (95% CI, 28% to 36.5%) of women had a score 10, and 17.3% (95% CI, 13.9% to 20.7%) had a score 13. Women with an STAI score 40 accounted for 46.8% (95% CI, 42.3% to 51.2%). A lower level of social support (MOS-SSS), a fetal malformation diagnosis and a history of depression (p = 0.000, p = 0.019 and p = 0.043) were independent risk factors for postpartum depression. A lower level of social support and a history of mental health disorders (p = 0.000, p = 0.003) were independent risk factors for postpartum anxiety. Conclusion: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an increase in symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed during the postpartum period. 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