4d9fa21a4e05ec3c15c2330e72ab61d1 pmc_9785640.pdf 9cb3c83e4f5baa1933addc0970142277bfe76662 pmc_9785640.pdf a314d94dbf0d2d1d122f974eb675dbc81ba8d61331833fe20ab86ff897866d13 pmc_9785640.pdf Title: Risk Factors for COVID-19 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A National, ENEIDA-Based Case–Control Study (COVID-19-EII) Subject: (1) Scant information is available concerning the characteristics that may favour the acquisition of COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess these differences between infected and noninfected patients with IBD. (2) This nationwide case–control study evaluated patients with inflammatory bowel disease with COVID-19 (cases) and without COVID-19 (controls) during the period March–July 2020 included in the ENEIDA of GETECCU. (3) A total of 496 cases and 964 controls from 73 Spanish centres were included. No differences were found in the basal characteristics between cases and controls. Cases had higher comorbidity Charlson scores (24% vs. 19%; p = 0.02) and occupational risk (28% vs. 10.5%; p < 0.0001) more frequently than did controls. Lockdown was the only protective measure against COVID-19 (50% vs. 70%; p < 0.0001). No differences were found in the use of systemic steroids, immunosuppressants or biologics between cases and controls. Cases were more often treated with 5-aminosalicylates (42% vs. 34%; p = 0.003). Having a moderate Charlson score (OR: 2.7; 95%CI: 1.3–5.9), occupational risk (OR: 2.9; 95%CI: 1.8–4.4) and the use of 5-aminosalicylates (OR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.2–2.5) were factors for COVID-19. The strict lockdown was the only protective factor (OR: 0.1; 95%CI: 0.09–0.2). (4) Comorbidities and occupational exposure are the most relevant factors for COVID-19 in patients with IBD. The risk of COVID-19 seems not to be increased by immunosuppressants or biologics, with a potential effect of 5-aminosalicylates, which should be investigated further and interpreted with caution. Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; inflammatory bowel disease; 5-aminosalicylates; immunosuppression Author: Yamile Zabana, Ignacio Marín-Jiménez, Iago Rodríguez-Lago, Isabel Vera, María Dolores Martín-Arranz, Iván Guerra, Javier P. Gisbert, Francisco Mesonero, Olga Benítez, Carlos Taxonera, Ángel Ponferrada-Díaz, Marta Piqueras, Alfredo J. Lucendo, Berta Caballol, Míriam Mañosa, Pilar Martínez-Montiel, Maia Bosca-Watts, Jordi Gordillo, Luis Bujanda, Noemí Manceñido, Teresa Martínez-Pérez, Alicia López, Cristina Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Santiago García-López, Pablo Vega, Montserrat Rivero, Luigi Melcarne, María Calvo, Marisa Iborra, Manuel Barreiro de Acosta, Beatriz Sicilia, Jesús Barrio, José Lázaro Pérez Calle, David Busquets, Isabel Pérez-Martínez, Mercè Navarro-Llavat, Vicent Hernández, Federico Argüelles-Arias, Fernando Ramírez Esteso, Susana Meijide, Laura Ramos, Fernando Gomollón, Fernando Muñoz, Gerard Suris, Jone Ortiz de Zarate, José María Huguet, Jordina Llaó, Mariana Fe García-Sepulcre, Mónica Sierra, Miguel Durà, Sandra Estrecha, Ana Fuentes Coronel, Esther Hinojosa, Lorenzo Olivan, Eva Iglesias, Ana Gutiérrez, Pilar Varela, Núria Rull, Pau Gilabert, Alejandro Hernández-Camba, Alicia Brotons, Daniel Ginard, Eva Sesé, Daniel Carpio, Montserrat Aceituno, José Luis Cabriada, Yago González-Lama, Laura Jiménez, María Chaparro, Antonio López-San Román, Cristina Alba, Rocío Plaza-Santos, Raquel Mena, Sonsoles Tamarit-Sebastián, Elena Ricart, Margalida Calafat, Sonsoles Olivares, Pablo Navarro, Federico Bertoletti, Horacio Alonso-Galán, Ramón Pajares, Pablo Olcina, Pamela Manzano, Eugeni Domènech, Maria Esteve and on behalf of the ENEIDA Registry of GETECCU Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Dec 22 09:06:09 2022 CET ModDate: Thu Dec 22 09:27:30 2022 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 633454 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- IYDCBB+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 NZLAME+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 SBCBMS+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 FEXMTD+URWPalladioL-Ital 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Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Design Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Study Population Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Definitions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Data Collection Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Ethical Considerations Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Children: Item: Title: Clinical Baseline Characteristics Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Epidemiological Risk Factors of Exposure Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Treatment of IBD and COVID-19 Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Risk Factors for COVID-19 in Patients with IBD Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Info: Title: Risk Factors for COVID-19 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A National, ENEIDA-Based Case Control Study (COVID-19-EII) Author: Yamile Zabana, Ignacio Marín-Jiménez, Iago Rodríguez-Lago, Isabel Vera, María Dolores Martín-Arranz, Iván Guerra, Javier P. Gisbert, Francisco Mesonero, Olga Benítez, Carlos Taxonera, Ángel Ponferrada-Díaz, Marta Piqueras, Alfredo J. Lucendo, Berta Caballol, Míriam Mañosa, Pilar Martínez-Montiel, Maia Bosca-Watts, Jordi Gordillo, Luis Bujanda, Noemí Manceñido, Teresa Martínez-Pérez, Alicia López, Cristina Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Santiago García-López, Pablo Vega, Montserrat Rivero, Luigi Melcarne, María Calvo, Marisa Iborra, Manuel Barreiro de Acosta, Beatriz Sicilia, Jesús Barrio, José Lázaro Pérez Calle, David Busquets, Isabel Pérez-Martínez, Mercè Navarro-Llavat, Vicent Hernández, Federico Argüelles-Arias, Fernando Ramírez Esteso, Susana Meijide, Laura Ramos, Fernando Gomollón, Fernando Muñoz, Gerard Suris, Jone Ortiz de Zarate, José María Huguet, Jordina Llaó, Mariana Fe García-Sepulcre, Mónica Sierra, Miguel Durà, Sandra Estrecha, Ana Fuentes Coronel, Esther Hinojosa, Lorenzo Olivan, Eva Iglesias, Ana Gutiérrez, Pilar Varela, Núria Rull, Pau Gilabert, Alejandro Hernández-Camba, Alicia Brotons, Daniel Ginard, Eva Sesé, Daniel Carpio, Montserrat Aceituno, José Luis Cabriada, Yago González-Lama, Laura Jiménez, María Chaparro, Antonio López-San Román, Cristina Alba, Rocío Plaza-Santos, Raquel Mena, Sonsoles Tamarit-Sebastián, Elena Ricart, Margalida Calafat, Sonsoles Olivares, Pablo Navarro, Federico Bertoletti, Horacio Alonso-Galán, Ramón Pajares, Pablo Olcina, Pamela Manzano, Eugeni Domènech, Maria Esteve and on behalf of the ENEIDA Registry of GETECCU Subject: (1) Scant information is available concerning the characteristics that may favour the acquisition of COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess these differences between infected and noninfected patients with IBD. (2) This nationwide case control study evaluated patients with inflammatory bowel disease with COVID-19 (cases) and without COVID-19 (controls) during the period March July 2020 included in the ENEIDA of GETECCU. (3) A total of 496 cases and 964 controls from 73 Spanish centres were included. No differences were found in the basal characteristics between cases and controls. Cases had higher comorbidity Charlson scores (24% vs. 19%; p = 0.02) and occupational risk (28% vs. 10.5%; p < 0.0001) more frequently than did controls. Lockdown was the only protective measure against COVID-19 (50% vs. 70%; p < 0.0001). No differences were found in the use of systemic steroids, immunosuppressants or biologics between cases and controls. Cases were more often treated with 5-aminosalicylates (42% vs. 34%; p = 0.003). Having a moderate Charlson score (OR: 2.7; 95%CI: 1.3 5.9), occupational risk (OR: 2.9; 95%CI: 1.8 4.4) and the use of 5-aminosalicylates (OR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.2 2.5) were factors for COVID-19. The strict lockdown was the only protective factor (OR: 0.1; 95%CI: 0.09 0.2). (4) Comorbidities and occupational exposure are the most relevant factors for COVID-19 in patients with IBD. The risk of COVID-19 seems not to be increased by immunosuppressants or biologics, with a potential effect of 5-aminosalicylates, which should be investigated further and interpreted with caution. 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