a5ef550141c778773ee245f289653473 pmc_9821674.pdf e767833b6ec7bc0c131e50b8a5998597f624c700 pmc_9821674.pdf 4d83f4d0fb585ce2d96ae5c235243f008242efbe9c66fbe24b2d651ebd1dabbe pmc_9821674.pdf Title: Autism Spectrum Disorder May Be Highly Prevalent in People with Functional Neurological Disorders Subject: Recent observations suggest that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) co-occurs in people with a functional neurological disorder (FND), but little systematic data are available on the relationship between FND and autism. The study aimed to assess the self-reported autistic traits via a standardized questionnaire and the prevalence of previously diagnosed ASD among people with FND and their 1st-degree relatives. We performed a survey of members of the patient organization FNDHope, using a self-completed questionnaire for screening for autistic traits and ASD: the adult autism subthreshold spectrum (AdAS spectrum). There were 344 respondents diagnosed with FND with a mean age of 39.8 11.6 years (female sex 90%). Eight per cent of respondents volunteered a previous diagnosis of ASD, and 24% reported a 1st-degree relative with a formal diagnosis of ASD, mostly their children. We found that 69% of respondents had scores in the AdAS spectrum indicating a clinically significant ASD and 21% indicating autistic traits. Further studies are needed to provide more evidence regarding the prevalence of ASD in people with FND and how this may influence the aetiology, treatment selection and prognosis. Keywords: functional neurological disorders; autism spectrum disorder; prevalence; autistic traits; co-occurrence Author: Belén González-Herrero, Francesca Morgante, Javier Pagonabarraga, Biba Stanton and Mark J. Edwards Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Fri Dec 30 10:44:19 2022 CET ModDate: Fri Dec 30 10:49:13 2022 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 10 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 296150 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- NQHFUT+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 FFEBVO+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 UNUQZH+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 NQIRIX+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 JGMOZW+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 GIFXFT+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 XPUSBJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 50 0 BSDWLC+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 53 0 QLBIEB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 78 0 MDIKPC+CMBSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 82 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-08-08 02:25:45 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_9821674.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-08-02 02:20:28 CEST Size: 296150 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 257 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Children: Item: Title: Demographics Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: The AdAS Spectrum Questionnaire Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Limitations Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Info: Title: Autism Spectrum Disorder May Be Highly Prevalent in People with Functional Neurological Disorders Author: Belén González-Herrero, Francesca Morgante, Javier Pagonabarraga, Biba Stanton and Mark J. Edwards Subject: Recent observations suggest that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) co-occurs in people with a functional neurological disorder (FND), but little systematic data are available on the relationship between FND and autism. The study aimed to assess the self-reported autistic traits via a standardized questionnaire and the prevalence of previously diagnosed ASD among people with FND and their 1st-degree relatives. We performed a survey of members of the patient organization FNDHope, using a self-completed questionnaire for screening for autistic traits and ASD: the adult autism subthreshold spectrum (AdAS spectrum). There were 344 respondents diagnosed with FND with a mean age of 39.8 11.6 years (female sex 90%). Eight per cent of respondents volunteered a previous diagnosis of ASD, and 24% reported a 1st-degree relative with a formal diagnosis of ASD, mostly their children. We found that 69% of respondents had scores in the AdAS spectrum indicating a clinically significant ASD and 21% indicating autistic traits. Further studies are needed to provide more evidence regarding the prevalence of ASD in people with FND and how this may influence the aetiology, treatment selection and prognosis. 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