34a7e55294bf20feed0f6c78492263eb Che_a2023v11n3p174.pdf 08243d5f7f03cab52984e4cd2ae8ec93d9605323 Che_a2023v11n3p174.pdf 5a81c9d50969c3ad169f364416e67dc0b4541a5bbb00baf187a48941a0af735c Che_a2023v11n3p174.pdf Title: Novel Nitrate Ion-Selective Microsensor Fabricated by Means of Direct Ink Writing Subject: In this work, the stability, electrical conductivity, and versatility of graphite-based inks were taken advantage of to fabricate a nitrate potentiometric sensor. One other key property that was exploited for the design of an ion-selective electrode was the hydrophobicity of graphite. This prevented the formation of a water layer between the solid contact and the polymeric selective membrane. Moreover, given the use of printing technologies for electrode fabrication, it was possible to easily miniaturize the sensors and achieve lower fabrication costs. In this article, a printed sensor, composed of a graphite working electrode and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode, is presented and thoroughly characterized. The working electrode was modified with a well-known PVC-ionophore membrane, and the reference electrode was protected with a PVB-NaCl saturated membrane. It showed almost-Nernstian sensitivity of -(55.4 0.7) mV/dec to NO3-, stability of up to 25 days of operation, limit of detection of 0.204 0.009 mM, and repeatability of 99.02 % (N = 3). Coupled with its high selectivity compared with other anions, this low-cost, mass-producible sensor is a great alternative for environmental and industrial applications. Keywords: ion-selective electrode; potentiometric sensor; printed electrodes; carbon electrodes Author: Franc Paré, Aida Visús, Gemma Gabriel and Mireia Baeza Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Mar 6 06:08:16 2023 CET ModDate: Mon Mar 6 06:11:19 2023 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1918161 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- MQFYIK+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 CIQLLF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 APANCJ+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 HXYARK+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 JCFEXV+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 ORRZNG+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 32 0 QOQMCA+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes 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IEJOHC+Arial CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 254 0 IEJPEO+Calibri CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 260 0 IEJLGM+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 266 0 IEJLGN+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 269 0 IEJLGO+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 275 0 IEJLHA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 278 0 IEJNIG+CambriaMath CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 281 0 XZSUVS+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 290 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-02-24 02:30:33 CET RepresentationInformation: Che_a2023v11n3p174.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-02-23 14:37:10 CET Size: 1918161 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 427 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Reagents and Chemicals Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: PVC-ISM and PVB-NaClsaturated Membrane Preparation Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Instrumentation Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Electrode Fabrication Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Membrane Deposition Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Electrode Characterization Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Interference Study Destination: subsection.2.7 Item: Title: Sample Analysis Destination: subsection.2.8 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Electroanalytical Performance Evaluation Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Response Variation among Sensors Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Stability of the Sensor Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Robustness against pH Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Change in Response with Temperature Destination: subsection.3.5 Item: Title: Study of Interferents Destination: subsection.3.6 Item: Title: Real-Sample Study Destination: subsection.3.7 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: Novel Nitrate Ion-Selective Microsensor Fabricated by Means of Direct Ink Writing Author: Franc Paré, Aida Visús, Gemma Gabriel and Mireia Baeza Subject: In this work, the stability, electrical conductivity, and versatility of graphite-based inks were taken advantage of to fabricate a nitrate potentiometric sensor. One other key property that was exploited for the design of an ion-selective electrode was the hydrophobicity of graphite. This prevented the formation of a water layer between the solid contact and the polymeric selective membrane. Moreover, given the use of printing technologies for electrode fabrication, it was possible to easily miniaturize the sensors and achieve lower fabrication costs. In this article, a printed sensor, composed of a graphite working electrode and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode, is presented and thoroughly characterized. The working electrode was modified with a well-known PVC-ionophore membrane, and the reference electrode was protected with a PVB-NaCl saturated membrane. It showed almost-Nernstian sensitivity of -(55.4 0.7) mV/dec to NO3-, stability of up to 25 days of operation, limit of detection of 0.204 0.009 mM, and repeatability of 99.02 % (N = 3). Coupled with its high selectivity compared with other anions, this low-cost, mass-producible sensor is a great alternative for environmental and industrial applications. 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