330c63afad107712bc64cd2141b39737 Ene_a2023v16n11p4509.pdf 8d2da7cd3132346c07a87f862b7d8698c697b893 Ene_a2023v16n11p4509.pdf 9d3611f6fb37a462d2429cb48882e1b09f3fb858fe40d4fa88d00ea81c1692e0 Ene_a2023v16n11p4509.pdf Title: Exploring the Potential of Green Hydrogen Production and Application in the Antofagasta Region of Chile Subject: Green hydrogen is gaining increasing attention as a key component of the global energy transition towards a more sustainable industry. Chile, with its vast renewable energy potential, is well positioned to become a major producer and exporter of green hydrogen. In this context, this paper explores the prospects for green hydrogen production and use in Chile. The perspectives presented in this study are primarily based on a compilation of government reports and data from the scientific literature, which primarily offer a theoretical perspective on the efficiency and cost of hydrogen production. To address the need for experimental data, an ongoing experimental project was initiated in March 2023. This project aims to assess the efficiency of hydrogen production and consumption in the Atacama Desert through the deployment of a mobile on-site laboratory for hydrogen generation. The facility is mainly composed by solar panels, electrolyzers, fuel cells, and a battery bank, and it moves through the Atacama Desert in Chile at different altitudes, from the sea level, to measure the efficiency of hydrogen generation through the energy approach. The challenges and opportunities in Chile for developing a robust green hydrogen economy are also analyzed. According to the results, Chile has remarkable renewable energy resources, particularly in solar and wind power, that could be harnessed to produce green hydrogen. Chile has also established a supportive policy framework that promotes the development of renewable energy and the adoption of green hydrogen technologies. However, there are challenges that need to be addressed, such as the high capital costs of green hydrogen production and the need for supportive infrastructure. Despite these challenges, we argue that Chile has the potential to become a leading producer and exporter of green hydrogen or derivatives such as ammonia or methanol. The country’s strategic location, political stability, and strong commitment to renewable energy provide a favorable environment for the development of a green hydrogen industry. The growing demand for clean energy and the increasing interest in decarbonization present significant opportunities for Chile to capitalize on its renewable energy resources and become a major player in the global green hydrogen market. Keywords: green hydrogen; Chile; Antofagasta desert; Electrolyzer; green ammonia; carbon neutrality Author: Emigdio Chavez-Angel, Alejandro Castro-Alvarez, Nicolas Sapunar, Francisco Henríquez, Javier Saavedra, Sebastián Rodríguez, Iván Cornejo and Lindley Maxwell Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Mon Jun 5 07:30:42 2023 CEST ModDate: Mon Jun 5 07:41:48 2023 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2869935 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- OPZDHV+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 XXGYAJ+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 EZQEXA+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 FFGCPX+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 SSNIUI+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 QDIDFO+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 46 0 JMCGLN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 75 0 JMCGLO+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 78 0 JMCGLP+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 84 0 JMCGMB+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 87 0 JMCIHH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 90 0 JMCGLN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 107 0 JMCGLP+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 110 0 JMCGMB+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 113 0 JMCOEF+Arial CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 116 0 JMCGLN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 134 0 JMCGLO+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 137 0 JMCGLP+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 143 0 JMCGMB+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 146 0 JMCIHH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 149 0 AAPCWM+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 156 0 JMCGLN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 167 0 JMCGLO+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 170 0 JMCGLP+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 176 0 JMCGMB+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 179 0 JMDOIC+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 182 0 JMCGLN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 197 0 JMCGLP+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 200 0 JMCGMB+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 203 0 JMCIHH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 206 0 JMCGLN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 221 0 JMCGLO+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 224 0 JMCGLP+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 230 0 JMCGMB+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 233 0 JMCIHH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 236 0 JMCOEF+Arial CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 239 0 JMCGLN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 256 0 JMCGLO+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 259 0 JMCGLP+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 265 0 JMCGMB+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 268 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-11-08 02:29:19 CET RepresentationInformation: Ene_a2023v16n11p4509.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-11-07 14:38:02 CET Size: 2869935 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 376 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: Antofagasta as a HUB of Green Hydrogen Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Item: Title: Future and Perspectives Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@87f383f Info: Title: Exploring the Potential of Green Hydrogen Production and Application in the Antofagasta Region of Chile Author: Emigdio Chavez-Angel, Alejandro Castro-Alvarez, Nicolas Sapunar, Francisco Henríquez, Javier Saavedra, Sebastián Rodríguez, Iván Cornejo and Lindley Maxwell Subject: Green hydrogen is gaining increasing attention as a key component of the global energy transition towards a more sustainable industry. Chile, with its vast renewable energy potential, is well positioned to become a major producer and exporter of green hydrogen. In this context, this paper explores the prospects for green hydrogen production and use in Chile. The perspectives presented in this study are primarily based on a compilation of government reports and data from the scientific literature, which primarily offer a theoretical perspective on the efficiency and cost of hydrogen production. To address the need for experimental data, an ongoing experimental project was initiated in March 2023. This project aims to assess the efficiency of hydrogen production and consumption in the Atacama Desert through the deployment of a mobile on-site laboratory for hydrogen generation. The facility is mainly composed by solar panels, electrolyzers, fuel cells, and a battery bank, and it moves through the Atacama Desert in Chile at different altitudes, from the sea level, to measure the efficiency of hydrogen generation through the energy approach. The challenges and opportunities in Chile for developing a robust green hydrogen economy are also analyzed. According to the results, Chile has remarkable renewable energy resources, particularly in solar and wind power, that could be harnessed to produce green hydrogen. Chile has also established a supportive policy framework that promotes the development of renewable energy and the adoption of green hydrogen technologies. However, there are challenges that need to be addressed, such as the high capital costs of green hydrogen production and the need for supportive infrastructure. Despite these challenges, we argue that Chile has the potential to become a leading producer and exporter of green hydrogen or derivatives such as ammonia or methanol. The country’s strategic location, political stability, and strong commitment to renewable energy provide a favorable environment for the development of a green hydrogen industry. The growing demand for clean energy and the increasing interest in decarbonization present significant opportunities for Chile to capitalize on its renewable energy resources and become a major player in the global green hydrogen market. 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