f4b7aba23c37a4f816819ec9a7c29b83 Aer_a2023v10n10n847.pdf efeec5ffe2942aa51613f29d3229362f87d5bb5b Aer_a2023v10n10n847.pdf c7c6e4eb9a646c561dc03e369e3bb1c440937374a9e4b38ca139ded0241396f6 Aer_a2023v10n10n847.pdf Title: A STAM Model Based on Spatiotemporal Airspace Sector Interdependencies to Minimize Tactical Flow Management Regulations Subject: The lack of airspace capacity poses a significant challenge for a sustainable air transport system, particularly in scenarios of future growing demand. Air traffic management digitalization opens pathways for innovative and efficient solutions to tackle existing inefficiencies arising from spatially fragmented airspace. While research has focused on digitalized ATM services to improve airspace capacity, synergies among adjacent sectors to utilize latent capacity remain unexplored. Using a sector network model, in this study, we analyze spatiotemporal sector interdependencies, quantify time-stamp topological interdependencies, and evaluate capacity enhancement possibilities for sectors unable to meet dynamic demand. The occupancy count dynamic evolution and poor correlation among the over-loaded sectors with the occupancy count of its adjacent sectors provide opportunities for a short-term ATM mechanism, ensuring sector-level capacity invulnerability and enhancing airspace capacity at the network level. A computational experiment using real data from the European airspace is carried out to illustrate and validate this innovative solution. Keywords: airspace capacity; demand–capacity balance; early handover; sector occupancy; STAM; sustainable air transport Author: Gonzalo Martin, Laura Calvet and Miquel Angel Piera Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Sep 28 15:08:07 2023 CEST ModDate: Thu Sep 28 15:14:30 2023 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 20 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 3030551 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- RWPUSW+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 HFRICU+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 KIOXDV+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 KLRPZQ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 37 0 YDCIZS+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 86 0 JHYTSG+CMR10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 90 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-03-22 02:45:30 CET RepresentationInformation: Aer_a2023v10n10n847.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-03-21 17:47:43 CET Size: 3030551 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 281 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Understanding the ATM Capacity Regulation Mechanism Destination: section.2 Item: Title: STAMs Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Description of the Main STAMs Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Functional Requirements of a STAM Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Assessing a STAM to Avoid Overcapacity Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: State of the Art Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.5 Children: Item: Title: Raw Data Destination: subsection.5.1 Item: Title: Software Destination: subsection.5.2 Item: Title: Data Preprocessing Destination: subsection.5.3 Item: Title: Early Handover Mechanism Destination: subsection.5.4 Item: Title: Spatiotemporal Interdependencies among Adjacent Sectors Destination: subsection.5.5 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.6 Children: Item: Title: Identification of the Sectors of Interest Destination: subsection.6.1 Item: Title: Analysis of the Occupancy Correlation with the Adjacent Sectors Destination: subsection.6.2 Item: Title: Simulation Destination: subsection.6.3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.7 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.8 Item: Title: References Destination: section.9 Info: Title: A STAM Model Based on Spatiotemporal Airspace Sector Interdependencies to Minimize Tactical Flow Management Regulations Author: Gonzalo Martin, Laura Calvet and Miquel Angel Piera Subject: The lack of airspace capacity poses a significant challenge for a sustainable air transport system, particularly in scenarios of future growing demand. Air traffic management digitalization opens pathways for innovative and efficient solutions to tackle existing inefficiencies arising from spatially fragmented airspace. While research has focused on digitalized ATM services to improve airspace capacity, synergies among adjacent sectors to utilize latent capacity remain unexplored. Using a sector network model, in this study, we analyze spatiotemporal sector interdependencies, quantify time-stamp topological interdependencies, and evaluate capacity enhancement possibilities for sectors unable to meet dynamic demand. The occupancy count dynamic evolution and poor correlation among the over-loaded sectors with the occupancy count of its adjacent sectors provide opportunities for a short-term ATM mechanism, ensuring sector-level capacity invulnerability and enhancing airspace capacity at the network level. A computational experiment using real data from the European airspace is carried out to illustrate and validate this innovative solution. Keywords: airspace capacity; demand capacity balance; early handover; sector occupancy; STAM; sustainable air transport Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Sep 28 15:08:07 CEST 2023 ModDate: Thu Sep 28 15:14:30 CEST 2023 ID: 0x329ff58575c12e4c23cc66f223c3ffda, 0x329ff58575c12e4c23cc66f223c3ffda Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode FilterPipeline: DCTDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1280 ImageHeight: 720 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1471 ImageHeight: 2002 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 963 ImageHeight: 320 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 3199 ImageHeight: 1485 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 600 ImageHeight: 475 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 600 ImageHeight: 475 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 600 ImageHeight: 475 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 600 ImageHeight: 475 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 600 ImageHeight: 475 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 600 ImageHeight: 475 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1471 ImageHeight: 2002 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1471 ImageHeight: 2002 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 543 ImageHeight: 413 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 543 ImageHeight: 413 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 543 ImageHeight: 413 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 588 ImageHeight: 558 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 554 ImageHeight: 453 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 554 ImageHeight: 453 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 575 ImageHeight: 453 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 554 ImageHeight: 453 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: KIOXDV+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 121 FontDescriptor: FontName: KIOXDV+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: YDCIZS+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 54 FontDescriptor: FontName: YDCIZS+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -29, -960, 1116, 775 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: RWPUSW+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 122 FontDescriptor: FontName: RWPUSW+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: JHYTSG+CMR10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 61 LastChar: 61 FontDescriptor: FontName: JHYTSG+CMR10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -40, -250, 1009, 750 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: HFRICU+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 242 FontDescriptor: FontName: HFRICU+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Pages: Page: Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 281, 152, 290 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 269, 94, 278 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 164, 96, 186 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 126, 90, 154, 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 78, 147, 87 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 756, 167, 792 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 515, 756, 560, 792 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 109, 642, 121, 655 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 184, 642, 195, 655 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 312, 642, 323, 655 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 366, 305, 373, 314 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 291, 255, 298, 264 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 517, 217, 524, 226 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 117, 17, 276, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 402, 17, 560, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 366, 87, 385 Page: Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 549, 710, 556, 719 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 498, 597, 505, 606 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 506, 597, 513, 606 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 252, 547, 259, 556 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 289, 509, 296, 519 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 533, 484, 540, 493 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 455, 472, 467, 481 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 468, 472, 479, 481 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 431, 319, 438, 331 ActionDest: 56 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 307, 306, 314, 318 ActionDest: 62 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 212, 295, 219, 305 ActionDest: 69 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 274, 281, 281, 293 ActionDest: 72 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 331, 281, 338, 293 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 552, 256, 559, 268 ActionDest: 123 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 233, 243, 240, 255 ActionDest: 130 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 440, 170, 452, 179 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 217, 120, 229, 129 ActionDest: 136 Page: Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 437, 710, 449, 719 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 375, 447, 387, 456 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 484, 356, 559, 368 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 495, 344, 560, 356 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 187, 331, 420, 343 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 217, 163, 224, 175 ActionDest: 62 Page: Sequence: 4 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 395, 431, 407, 440 ActionDest: 136 Page: Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 289, 366, 301, 375 ActionDest: 136 Page: Sequence: 6 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 348, 265, 362, 277 ActionDest: 83 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 281, 192, 293, 201 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 422, 192, 434, 201 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 201, 142, 213, 150 ActionDest: 136 Page: Sequence: 7 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 228, 685, 239, 694 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 400, 660, 412, 669 ActionDest: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 294, 622, 306, 631 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 417, 535, 429, 544 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 334, 497, 346, 506 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 338, 472, 350, 481 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 426, 100, 560, 112 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 165, 87, 181, 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 293, 90, 305, 99 ActionDest: 139 Page: Sequence: 8 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 511, 735, 523, 744 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 215, 683, 222, 695 ActionDest: 75 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 196, 246, 203, 258 ActionDest: 75 Page: Sequence: 9 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 246, 660, 257, 669 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 431, 534, 443, 543 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 200, 522, 212, 531 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 464, 522, 476, 531 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 324, 509, 336, 518 ActionDest: 139 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 220, 497, 232, 506 ActionDest: 139 Page: Sequence: 10 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 365, 665, 372, 677 ActionDest: 83 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 426, 331, 433, 343 ActionDest: 94 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 444, 281, 451, 293 ActionDest: 94 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 553, 281, 560, 293 ActionDest: 94 Page: Sequence: 11 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 216, 403, 223, 415 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 231, 353, 238, 365 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 414, 302, 421, 314 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 393, 277, 400, 289 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 366, 240, 373, 252 ActionDest: 99 Page: Sequence: 12 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 403, 184, 409, 195 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 473, 171, 480, 182 ActionDest: 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 529, 157, 535, 169 ActionDest: 99 Page: Sequence: 13 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 227, 532, 234, 544 ActionDest: 108 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 218, 107, 225, 119 ActionDest: 113 Page: Sequence: 14 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 214, 104, 221, 116 ActionDest: 119 Page: Sequence: 15 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 553, 438, 560, 450 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 195, 136, 202, 148 ActionDest: 123 Page: Sequence: 16 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 456, 492, 463, 504 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 368, 479, 381, 491 ActionDest: 123 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 336, 404, 343, 416 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 450, 404, 461, 416 ActionDest: 123 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 548, 354, 555, 366 ActionDest: 113 Page: Sequence: 17 Page: Sequence: 18 Page: Sequence: 19 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 289, 509, 444, 520 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 86, 486, 431, 497 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 352, 463, 389, 474 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 440, 452, 451 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 109, 418, 146, 428 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 256, 394, 294, 405 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 380, 359, 560, 370 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 348, 301, 359 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 439, 325, 477, 336 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 440, 267, 560, 278 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 256, 209, 267 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 390, 244, 560, 255 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 233, 235, 244 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 340, 210, 560, 221 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 154, 175, 560, 186 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 164, 168, 175 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 536, 152, 560, 163 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 141, 199, 152 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 73, 96, 83 Page: Sequence: 20 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 437, 710, 474, 721 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 131, 665, 168, 675 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 366, 618, 560, 629 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 606, 191, 617 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 401, 583, 439, 594 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 346, 560, 384, 571 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 390, 560, 426, 571 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 504, 96, 514 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 102, 504, 138, 514 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 86, 480, 244, 491 Checksum: 94323b91 Type: CRC32 Checksum: f4b7aba23c37a4f816819ec9a7c29b83 Type: MD5 Checksum: efeec5ffe2942aa51613f29d3229362f87d5bb5b Type: SHA-1 Checksum: c7c6e4eb9a646c561dc03e369e3bb1c440937374a9e4b38ca139ded0241396f6 Type: SHA-256