e4977340062e17a6d1f9cbfbb73b9d1c intjougeo_a2023_v12n449.pdf f205723cc3331b6a259b7d7ec6baf02f0f109aa5 intjougeo_a2023_v12n449.pdf 69851a212e79414dbe88b18c1ee560907b2136192f4dd2ad46f8bbd56ec7157b intjougeo_a2023_v12n449.pdf Title: Policing Social Disorder and Broken Windows Theory: Spatial Evidence from the “Franeleros” Experience Subject: There is ongoing debate regarding the association between disorder and criminality. The literature has shown mixed, reduced, or no effects between the two phenomena, although few studies have dealt with the problem in terms of social disorder and its spatial heterogeneity. Using official records, we analyzed crime incidence involving vehicles in Mexico City neighborhoods with a combination of spatial methods, classification algorithms, and non-parametric tests. We found that the presence of people who demand payment for taking care of cars (social disorder) is probably spatially linked to auto parts robbery (crime). It is possible that such social incivility sends a signal that encourages the commission of crimes upon the vehicles, forming spatial clusters due to the undesirable effects of public policies. Our findings enable the broken windows theory to improve its explanatory capacity, considering spatial hypotheses and complementing its explanations with other criminological theories. Keywords: broken windows; auto parts robbery; parking attendants; spatial analysis; Mexico City Author: Enrique García-Tejeda and Gustavo Fondevila Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: GPL Ghostscript 9.50 CreationDate: Mon Nov 6 01:26:35 2023 CET ModDate: Mon Nov 6 01:26:35 2023 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 21 Encrypted: no Page size: 595 x 842 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 4401688 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- NHTSEV+NimbusSans-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 20 0 HRPUBX+NimbusSans-Regular CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 16 0 KGLQKG+NimbusSans-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 12 0 HHGXYE+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 69 0 CKGGMQ+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 62 0 IOGOCT+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 71 0 VIETWF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1C Custom yes yes no 82 0 XSYKLX+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1C Custom yes yes no 64 0 HGQRSN+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1C Custom yes yes no 66 0 QJRXBV+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 78 0 DYETWE+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes no 80 0 BHIXTO+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1C Custom yes yes no 124 0 LOUVDQ+Arial CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 214 0 JMHEIS+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 210 0 QJOPYU+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 207 0 JMHEIS+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 267 0 QSBQFM+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 279 0 QSBQFM+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 291 0 JMHEIS+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 301 0 QSBQFM+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 340 0 QSBQFM+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 356 0 ZOPRIV+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 359 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-04-30 02:52:29 CEST RepresentationInformation: intjougeo_a2023_v12n449.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-04-29 14:51:35 CEST Size: 4401688 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 484 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: 1 Children: Item: Title: “Zero Tolerance” Experience in Mexico Destination: 1 Item: Title: Parking Attendants in Mexico and Latin America Destination: 1 Item: Title: Literature: Broken Windows Theory Destination: 1 Item: Title: Data Destination: 1 Children: Item: Title: Civil Infractions Destination: 1 Item: Title: Property Crimes against Vehicles Destination: 1 Item: Title: Methodology Destination: 1 Item: Title: Results Destination: 1 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: 1 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: 1 Item: Title: Appendix A Destination: 1 Item: Title: References Destination: 1 Info: Title: Policing Social Disorder and Broken Windows Theory: Spatial Evidence from the “Franeleros” Experience Author: Enrique García-Tejeda and Gustavo Fondevila Subject: There is ongoing debate regarding the association between disorder and criminality. The literature has shown mixed, reduced, or no effects between the two phenomena, although few studies have dealt with the problem in terms of social disorder and its spatial heterogeneity. Using official records, we analyzed crime incidence involving vehicles in Mexico City neighborhoods with a combination of spatial methods, classification algorithms, and non-parametric tests. We found that the presence of people who demand payment for taking care of cars (social disorder) is probably spatially linked to auto parts robbery (crime). It is possible that such social incivility sends a signal that encourages the commission of crimes upon the vehicles, forming spatial clusters due to the undesirable effects of public policies. Our findings enable the broken windows theory to improve its explanatory capacity, considering spatial hypotheses and complementing its explanations with other criminological theories. 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Social Disorder and Broken Windows Theory: Spatial Evidence from the �Franeleros� ExperienceEnrique García-Tejeda and Gustavo FondevilaThere is ongoing debate regarding the association between disorder and criminality. The literature has shown mixed, reduced, or no effects between the two phenomena, although few studies have dealt with the problem in terms of social disorder and its spatial heterogeneity. Using official records, we analyzed crime incidence involving vehicles in Mexico City neighborhoods with a combination of spatial methods, classification algorithms, and non-parametric tests. We found that the presence of people who demand payment for taking care of cars (social disorder) is probably spatially linked to auto parts robbery (crime). It is possible that such social incivility sends a signal that encourages the commission of crimes upon the vehicles, forming spatial clusters due to the undesirable effects of public policies. Our findings enable the broken windows theory to improve its explanatory capacity, considering spatial hypotheses and complementing its explanations with other criminological theories. 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