a3b0da5b7f51ea1a20491ff872995d2a Maternal_Stress_Anxiety.pdf e3569bdc79db8b165d91156ae866c1114ba5730e Maternal_Stress_Anxiety.pdf 708d8c6d618da70f44e9586657cce886598d934d5581312318af35e35be0a181 Maternal_Stress_Anxiety.pdf Title: Maternal Stress, Anxiety, Well-Being, and Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women throughout Gestation Subject: Background: Maternal stress, anxiety, well-being, and sleep quality during pregnancy have been described as influencing factors during pregnancy. Aim: We aimed to describe maternal stress, anxiety, well-being, and sleep quality in pregnant women throughout gestation and their related factors. Methods: A prospective study including pregnant women attending BCNatal, in Barcelona, Spain (n = 630). Maternal stress and anxiety were assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)-validated questionnaires. Maternal well-being was assessed using the World Health Organization Well-Being Index Questionnaire (WHO-5), and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI). All questionnaires were obtained twice during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. A multivariate analysis was conducted to assess factors related to higher maternal stress and anxiety and worse well-being and sleep quality. Results: High levels of maternal stress were reported in 23.1% of participants at the end of pregnancy, with maternal age <40 years (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.08–3.81, p = 0.03), non-white ethnicity (OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.19–4.02, p = 0.01), and non-university studies (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.08–3.19, p = 0.02) being the parameters mostly associated with it. A total of 20.7% of women had high levels of anxiety in the third trimester and the presence of psychiatric disorders (OR 3.62; 95% CI 1.34–9.78, p = 0.01) and non-university studies (OR 1.70; 95% CI 1.11–2.59, p = 0.01) provided a significant contribution to high anxiety at multivariate analysis. Poor maternal well-being was observed in 26.5% of women and a significant contribution was provided by the presence of psychiatric disorders (OR 2.96; 95% CI 1.07–8.25, p = 0.04) and non-university studies (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.10–2.74, p = 0.02). Finally, less sleep quality was observed at the end of pregnancy (p < 0.001), with 81.1% of women reporting poor sleep quality. Conclusion: Maternal stress and anxiety, compromised maternal well-being, and sleep quality disturbances are prevalent throughout pregnancy. Anxiety and compromised sleep quality may increase over gestation. The screening of these conditions at different stages of pregnancy and awareness of the associated risk factors can help to identify women at potential risk. Keywords: mental stress; anxiety; well-being; sleep quality; pregnancy Author: Rosalia Pascal, Irene Casas, Mariona Genero, Ayako Nakaki, Lina Youssef, Marta Larroya, Leticia Benitez, Yvan Gomez, Anabel Martinez-Aran, Ivette Morilla, Teresa M. Oller-Guzmán, Andrés Martín-Asuero, Eduard Vieta, Fàtima Crispi, Eduard Gratacos, María Dolores Gomez-Roig and Francesca Crovetto Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sun Nov 26 11:40:21 2023 CET ModDate: Sun Nov 26 11:43:16 2023 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 16 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 688971 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- VJNASK+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 GGOOPJ+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 JPVNFY+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 MEYGGA+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 LQAUDA+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 XPUSBJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 46 0 BSDWLC+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 49 0 CNXSVA+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 77 0 JLZORU+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 81 0 WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 91 0 LDPJJD+TimesNewRoman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 112 0 LDPLHJ+TimesNewRoman,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 118 0 LDPHBJ+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 121 0 LDPHBL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 124 0 LDPHCN+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 127 0 LDPJBF+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 130 0 AIJIEC+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 149 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-03-02 02:33:39 CET RepresentationInformation: Maternal_Stress_Anxiety.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-03-01 15:50:36 CET Size: 688971 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 420 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Study Design and Participants Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Study Aims Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Data Collection Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Study Population Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Stress, Anxiety, Well-Being, and Sleep Quality throughout Pregnancy Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Maternal Stress and Anxiety Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Maternal Well-Being Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Maternal Sleep Quality Destination: subsection.3.5 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.6 Info: Title: Maternal Stress, Anxiety, Well-Being, and Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women throughout Gestation Author: Rosalia Pascal, Irene Casas, Mariona Genero, Ayako Nakaki, Lina Youssef, Marta Larroya, Leticia Benitez, Yvan Gomez, Anabel Martinez-Aran, Ivette Morilla, Teresa M. Oller-Guzmán, Andrés Martín-Asuero, Eduard Vieta, Fàtima Crispi, Eduard Gratacos, María Dolores Gomez-Roig and Francesca Crovetto Subject: Background: Maternal stress, anxiety, well-being, and sleep quality during pregnancy have been described as influencing factors during pregnancy. Aim: We aimed to describe maternal stress, anxiety, well-being, and sleep quality in pregnant women throughout gestation and their related factors. Methods: A prospective study including pregnant women attending BCNatal, in Barcelona, Spain (n = 630). Maternal stress and anxiety were assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)-validated questionnaires. Maternal well-being was assessed using the World Health Organization Well-Being Index Questionnaire (WHO-5), and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI). All questionnaires were obtained twice during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. A multivariate analysis was conducted to assess factors related to higher maternal stress and anxiety and worse well-being and sleep quality. Results: High levels of maternal stress were reported in 23.1% of participants at the end of pregnancy, with maternal age <40 years (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.08 3.81, p = 0.03), non-white ethnicity (OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.19 4.02, p = 0.01), and non-university studies (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.08 3.19, p = 0.02) being the parameters mostly associated with it. A total of 20.7% of women had high levels of anxiety in the third trimester and the presence of psychiatric disorders (OR 3.62; 95% CI 1.34 9.78, p = 0.01) and non-university studies (OR 1.70; 95% CI 1.11 2.59, p = 0.01) provided a significant contribution to high anxiety at multivariate analysis. Poor maternal well-being was observed in 26.5% of women and a significant contribution was provided by the presence of psychiatric disorders (OR 2.96; 95% CI 1.07 8.25, p = 0.04) and non-university studies (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.10 2.74, p = 0.02). Finally, less sleep quality was observed at the end of pregnancy (p < 0.001), with 81.1% of women reporting poor sleep quality. Conclusion: Maternal stress and anxiety, compromised maternal well-being, and sleep quality disturbances are prevalent throughout pregnancy. Anxiety and compromised sleep quality may increase over gestation. The screening of these conditions at different stages of pregnancy and awareness of the associated risk factors can help to identify women at potential risk. 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