943b3a488d2b892ca3fa59b2d9176ac7 2023_IJID_Suanzes.pdf eed6f891f9228102427f5884379e63b0dd1cab11 2023_IJID_Suanzes.pdf 53125ea9d661f7f3d566fc36d54210e0f8e9996b946f1341bb134a691e8ad3bb 2023_IJID_Suanzes.pdf Title: Impact of very early antiretroviral therapy during acute HIV infection on long-term immunovirological outcomes Subject: International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 136 (2023) 100-106. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2023.09.009 Keywords: "HIV infection"; "Acute HIV infection"; "Immune recovery"; "CD4+/CD8+ ratio"; "Antiretroviral treatment"; "Early treatment" Author: Paula Suanzes Creator: Elsevier Producer: Acrobat Distiller 10.0.0 (Windows) CreationDate: Thu Oct 5 14:22:32 2023 CEST ModDate: Mon May 4 14:20:29 2026 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: yes UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 7 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.245 x 793.92 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 665425 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- NLHLOG+Gulliver Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1178 0 NLHLOH+dummy-space Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 1180 0 NLHMFF+UniversLTStd Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1183 0 NLIDMF+MTSY Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1186 0 NLIDPF+Gulliver-Italic Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1189 0 NLIDPG+GulliverSCOsF Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1192 0 NLIEAG+RMTMI Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1195 0 NLIEBH+Gulliver-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1198 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2026-05-05 04:10:47 CEST RepresentationInformation: 2023_IJID_Suanzes.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2026-05-04 14:51:10 CEST Size: 665425 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed, but not valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb3fn3' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb4fn1' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb1fn1' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb3fn1' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb3fn2' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb1fn1' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 656242 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb3fn1' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 656242 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb4fn1' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 656242 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb3fn2' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 656242 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'tb3fn3' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 656242 MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF, Tagged PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 0 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: true NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseOutlines Language: English Outlines: Item: Title: Impact of very early antiretroviral therapy during acute HIV infection on long-term immunovirological outcomes Destination: chapter..1 Children: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section..1 Item: Title: Patients and methods Destination: section..2 Children: Item: Title: Study design and participants Destination: subsection..2.1 Item: Title: Study variables and data collection Destination: subsection..2.2 Item: Title: Virological analyses Destination: subsection..2.3 Item: Title: Definitions Destination: subsection..2.4 Item: Title: End points Destination: subsection..2.5 Item: Title: Statistical analysis Destination: subsection..2.6 Item: Title: Results Destination: section..3 Children: Item: Title: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics and trends over time Destination: subsection..3.1 Item: Title: Immunovirological evolution Destination: subsection..3.2 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section..4 Item: Title: Declarations of competing interest Destination: section..5 Item: Title: Funding Destination: section..6 Item: Title: Ethical approval Destination: section..7 Item: Title: Acknowledgments Destination: section..8 Item: Title: Author contributions Destination: section..9 Item: Title: Supplementary materials Destination: section..10 Item: Title: References Destination: section..11 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode FilterPipeline: DCTDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 249 ImageHeight: 273 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 118 ImageHeight: 118 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 369 ImageHeight: 143 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 2155 ImageHeight: 1530 ColorSpace: black is zero BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: NLIDMF+MTSY FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 61 FontDescriptor: FontName: NLIDMF+MTSY Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -954, 1043, 796 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: NLIDPF+Gulliver-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 40 LastChar: 242 FontDescriptor: FontName: NLIDPF+Gulliver-Italic Flags: Serif, Symbolic, Italic FontBBox: -141, -211, 1053, 789 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: NLIDPG+GulliverSCOsF FontSubset: true FirstChar: 97 LastChar: 116 FontDescriptor: FontName: NLIDPG+GulliverSCOsF Flags: Serif, Symbolic FontBBox: -115, -211, 1407, 789 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: NLHLOG+Gulliver FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 243 FontDescriptor: FontName: NLHLOG+Gulliver Flags: Serif, Symbolic FontBBox: -115, -211, 1042, 789 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: NLIEAG+RMTMI FontSubset: true FirstChar: 60 LastChar: 62 FontDescriptor: FontName: NLIEAG+RMTMI Flags: Symbolic, Italic FontBBox: 0, -213, 987, 680 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: NLHLOH+dummy-space FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: NLHLOH+dummy-space Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: 0, 0, 0, 0 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: NLIEBH+Gulliver-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 46 LastChar: 121 FontDescriptor: FontName: NLIEBH+Gulliver-Bold Flags: Serif, Symbolic, ForceBold FontBBox: -150, -211, 1131, 789 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: NLHMFF+UniversLTStd FontSubset: true FirstChar: 46 LastChar: 119 FontDescriptor: FontName: NLHMFF+UniversLTStd Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -168, -250, 992, 947 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true XMP: 2023-10-05T17:52:32+05:30 Elsevier 2026-05-04T14:20:29+02:00 2026-05-04T14:20:29+02:00 Acrobat Distiller 10.0.0 (Windows) "HIV infection"; "Acute HIV infection"; "Immune recovery"; "CD4+/CD8+ ratio"; "Antiretroviral treatment"; "Early treatment" application/pdf doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2023.09.009 Elsevier Ltd International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 136 (2023) 100-106. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2023.09.009 HIV infection Acute HIV infection Immune recovery CD4+/CD8+ ratio Antiretroviral treatment Early treatment Impact of very early antiretroviral therapy during acute HIV infection on long-term immunovirological outcomes Paula Suanzes Jordi Navarro Ariadna Rando-Segura Patricia Álvarez-López Jorge García Vicente Descalzo Arnau Monforte Maider Arando Lucía Rodríguez Bibiana Planas Joaquín Burgos Adrian Curran María José Buzón Vicenç Falcó uuid:fd8cfc10-4791-4a8b-8025-00abb91efa0c uuid:f2507deb-61f4-4ec5-963d-6b95d4600924 journal © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 1201-9712 136 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.09.009 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.09.009 100 106 100-106 November 2023 2010-04-23 true 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.09.009 noindex sciencedirect.com elsevier.com sciencedirect.com elsevier.com VoR true 2010-04-23 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.09.009 sciencedirect.com elsevier.com True http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Pages: Page: Label: 100 Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 201, 749, 394, 758 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 304, 720, 357, 731 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 263, 665, 373, 676 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 498, 593, 528, 604 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 107, 569, 114, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 113, 569, 120, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 119, 569, 126, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 125, 569, 132, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 202, 569, 209, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 208, 569, 215, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 214, 569, 222, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 221, 569, 227, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 342, 569, 349, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 463, 569, 469, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 469, 569, 475, 583 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 97, 556, 103, 570 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 103, 556, 109, 570 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 197, 556, 204, 570 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 203, 556, 210, 570 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 293, 556, 300, 570 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 299, 556, 306, 570 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 384, 556, 391, 570 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 390, 556, 397, 570 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 479, 556, 486, 570 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 109, 544, 115, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 194, 544, 201, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 200, 544, 207, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 206, 544, 213, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 287, 544, 294, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 293, 544, 300, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 391, 544, 397, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 463, 544, 470, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 469, 544, 476, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 475, 544, 482, 557 Destination: 1062 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 385, 269, 556, 279 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 124, 187, 134, 198 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 134, 187, 143, 198 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 176, 166, 188, 177 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 172, 156, 184, 167 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 239, 145, 252, 156 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 95, 92, 181, 101 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 379, 229, 391, 240 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 493, 229, 506, 240 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 529, 218, 538, 229 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 538, 218, 548, 229 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 368, 208, 378, 219 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 377, 208, 391, 219 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 460, 187, 489, 198 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 438, 176, 454, 187 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 460, 156, 474, 167 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 473, 156, 484, 167 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 484, 156, 498, 167 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 432, 145, 446, 156 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 446, 145, 459, 156 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 36, 57, 157, 66 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 61, 40, 213, 48 Page: Label: 101 Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 65, 109, 78, 120 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 440, 643, 457, 654 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 459, 504, 476, 515 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 343, 151, 372, 162 Destination: 4 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 527, 88, 557, 99 Destination: 4 Page: Label: 102 Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 540, 706, 545, 715 Destination: null Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 436, 378, 452, 389 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 416, 127, 445, 138 Destination: 4 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 509, 46, 538, 57 Destination: 7 Page: Label: 103 Sequence: 4 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 540, 706, 545, 715 Destination: null Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 92, 557, 98, 566 Destination: null Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 95, 495, 100, 504 Destination: null Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 223, 214, 256, 225 Destination: 10 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 353, 350, 383, 361 Destination: 10 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 343, 224, 370, 235 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 369, 224, 384, 235 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 447, 193, 460, 204 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 460, 193, 474, 204 Destination: 19 Page: Label: 104 Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 252, 288, 269, 299 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 305, 246, 322, 257 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 540, 178, 545, 187 Destination: null Page: Label: 105 Sequence: 6 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 36, 695, 50, 706 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 50, 695, 64, 706 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 203, 601, 220, 612 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 130, 528, 147, 539 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 271, 455, 288, 466 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 113, 183, 127, 194 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 127, 183, 141, 194 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 231, 162, 248, 173 Destination: 19 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 304, 129, 579, 153 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 418, 130, 462, 141 Destination: 16 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 305, 109, 410, 120 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 367, 99, 406, 110 Destination: 16 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 410, 99, 472, 110 Destination: 16 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 490, 99, 555, 110 Destination: 16 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 305, 57, 558, 68 Page: Label: 106 Sequence: 7 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 63, 716, 115, 727 Destination: 16 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 170, 393, 266, 400 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 144, 348, 216, 356 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 143, 324, 218, 332 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 115, 293, 231, 300 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 25, 260, 294, 280 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 189, 237, 278, 244 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 25, 204, 294, 224 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 192, 173, 261, 180 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 193, 149, 284, 156 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 414, 704, 478, 711 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 388, 672, 487, 679 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 391, 632, 480, 639 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 387, 608, 461, 616 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 422, 576, 481, 584 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 320, 544, 579, 564 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 387, 513, 484, 520 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 332, 481, 402, 488 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 320, 440, 579, 460 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 320, 408, 579, 428 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 320, 383, 579, 410 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 332, 353, 432, 360 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 440, 321, 539, 329 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 405, 290, 495, 297 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 332, 258, 420, 265 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 389, 226, 492, 233 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 430, 202, 532, 209 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 458, 178, 534, 185 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 321, 169, 549, 178 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 448, 154, 535, 161 Checksum: 1133d0d2 Type: CRC32 Checksum: 943b3a488d2b892ca3fa59b2d9176ac7 Type: MD5 Checksum: eed6f891f9228102427f5884379e63b0dd1cab11 Type: SHA-1 Checksum: 53125ea9d661f7f3d566fc36d54210e0f8e9996b946f1341bb134a691e8ad3bb Type: SHA-256