909bf8683d15b70ab20ef5adf881023f  sustainability_15_02096_with_cover.pdf
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Title:          Spatial Inequalities in Access to Micromobility Services: An Analysis of Moped-Style Scooter Sharing Systems in Barcelona
Subject:        Micromobility services hold substantial potential in terms of promoting shared and electric-powered mobility modes, however, little is known about their accessibility and what shapes their spatial coverage. These two issues are important to understand how socially equitable these modes can really be and how public policies should manage their implementation in urban areas. Hence, this study examines the determinants of the spatial coverage of four moped-style scooter sharing services (MSS) in Barcelona. The article examines the socio-territorial characteristics of the coverage areas of each MSS, as defined in 2019, together with the minimum area that operators had to provide service in 2020 according to the local regulation. For each MSS, a binomial generalized linear mixed model is employed to predict the odds of each cadastral parcel being covered by the service and analyzed the main spatial determinants associated with it. The results suggest that territorial coverage is defined by centrality, household disposable income, and topography, with low-accessibility areas consistently omitted from services. The conclusions underline the need for the public sector to participate in the design of spatial coverage areas of MSS to guarantee spatial equity and transportation justice and avoid private sector designs that systematically exclude less attractive areas.
Keywords:       free-floating systems; geofence; micromobility; shared mobility; moped-style scooter sharing; inequality
Author:         Xavier Bach, Carme Miralles-Guasch and Oriol Marquet
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      Title: Introduction 
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     Item: 
      Title: Background 
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      Children: 
       Item: 
        Title: Spatial Coverage of Micromobility Services 
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       Item: 
        Title: Social and Spatial Equity 
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       Item: 
        Title: Modal Choice and Modal Shift 
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       Item: 
        Title: Moped-Style Scooter Sharing Services Literature 
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     Item: 
      Title: Methodology 
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      Children: 
       Item: 
        Title: Context 
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       Item: 
        Title: Socio-Territorial Variables and Data Sources 
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        Children: 
         Item: 
          Title: Population Density 21 49 Years of Age 
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         Item: 
          Title: Household Disposable Income 
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         Item: 
          Title: Public Transport Accessibility 
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         Item: 
          Title: Slope 
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         Item: 
          Title: Distance to the City Center 
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         Item: 
          Title: Metropolitan and Supramunicipal Facilities 
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        Title: Methods 
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     Item: 
      Title: Results 
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      Title: Discussion 
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       Item: 
        Title: The Spatial Access Inequality of MSS 
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       Item: 
        Title: The Role of Barcelona’s Regulation 
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       Item: 
        Title: Public Policy Recommendations 
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     Item: 
      Title: Conclusions 
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     Item: 
      Title: Limitations and Directions for Future Research 
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    Title: Spatial Inequalities in Access to Micromobility Services: An Analysis of Moped-Style Scooter Sharing Systems in Barcelona
    Author: Xavier Bach, Carme Miralles-Guasch and Oriol Marquet
    Subject: Micromobility services hold substantial potential in terms of promoting shared and electric-powered mobility modes, however, little is known about their accessibility and what shapes their spatial coverage. These two issues are important to understand how socially equitable these modes can really be and how public policies should manage their implementation in urban areas. Hence, this study examines the determinants of the spatial coverage of four moped-style scooter sharing services (MSS) in Barcelona. The article examines the socio-territorial characteristics of the coverage areas of each MSS, as defined in 2019, together with the minimum area that operators had to provide service in 2020 according to the local regulation. For each MSS, a binomial generalized linear mixed model is employed to predict the odds of each cadastral parcel being covered by the service and analyzed the main spatial determinants associated with it. The results suggest that territorial coverage is defined by centrality, household disposable income, and topography, with low-accessibility areas consistently omitted from services. The conclusions underline the need for the public sector to participate in the design of spatial coverage areas of MSS to guarantee spatial equity and transportation justice and avoid private sector designs that systematically exclude less attractive areas.
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  Checksum: c6900dd8
   Type: CRC32
  Checksum: 909bf8683d15b70ab20ef5adf881023f
   Type: MD5
  Checksum: 54db827e900a1d4e2ad30036b669826028f8d8b9
   Type: SHA-1