792bcab32ea1215b43f33a1d743ef613 plants_12_02640.pdf 6b54d614eed169da975124650b9f045eccccb7d7 plants_12_02640.pdf b501fb2ce603d3e5ed738e2b583d25911417dc789bd4053ada2da740ae67b699 plants_12_02640.pdf Title: Are Mediterranean Island Mountains Hotspots of Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Biodiversity? The Case of the Endemic Flora of the Balearic Islands Subject: The Mediterranean islands are exceptionally rich in endemism, most of which is narrowly distributed. Conservation measures, such as protected areas, have been prioritised, mainly on the basis of species richness and endemism, but phylogenetic information should also be taken into account. In this study, we calculated several taxonomic and phylogenetic metrics at a high resolution for the endemic flora of the Balearic Islands (154 taxa), in order to identify (i) the spatial patterns and environmental factors that explain this endemism, (ii) hotspots of species and phylogenetic endemism, and (iii) gaps in the protected areas. The taxonomic and phylogenetic metrics showed different distribution patterns, but the mountainous areas of Mallorca, and some coastal areas of the Balearic Islands, have the highest values. These values were positively related to elevation, precipitation, temperature, and slope, and negatively related to the distance from the coast, aspect, and the temperature of the wettest quarter. We identified top grid hotspots where all the metrics had the highest values, and we also identified nano-hotspots within these hotspots, in some of the highest peaks of Mallorca, where most of these metrics’ maximum values coincided. This approach allowed us to identify some gaps in the conservation priority areas, and to highlight the need to review their boundaries and definition. Keywords: conservation; endemism; biodiversity hotspots; nano-hotspots; phylogeny; mountain flora; EDGE; phylogenetic diversity Author: Moisès Guardiola and Llorenç Sáez Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Jul 13 17:12:26 2023 CEST ModDate: Thu Jul 13 17:18:30 2023 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 23 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 3143395 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- FWZVXL+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 UUMDXX+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 HMBRPH+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 VRGJUW+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 QZTAGX+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 VTLKDP+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 47 0 SOSCBV+CMSY10 Type 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Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Study Area Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Species Occurrence Data Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Environmental Data Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Phylogenetic Data Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Diversity Measures Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Data Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Conservation Priority Areas Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Children: Item: Title: Spatial Patterns of Species Richness Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Spatial Patterns of Phylogenetic Diversity Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Conservation Priority Areas Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Children: Item: Title: Spatial Patterns of Species Richness Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: Spatial Patterns of Phylogenetic Diversity Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: Conservation Priority Areas Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: Caveats and Limitations of the Study Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Info: Title: Are Mediterranean Island Mountains Hotspots of Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Biodiversity? The Case of the Endemic Flora of the Balearic Islands Author: Moisès Guardiola and Llorenç Sáez Subject: The Mediterranean islands are exceptionally rich in endemism, most of which is narrowly distributed. Conservation measures, such as protected areas, have been prioritised, mainly on the basis of species richness and endemism, but phylogenetic information should also be taken into account. In this study, we calculated several taxonomic and phylogenetic metrics at a high resolution for the endemic flora of the Balearic Islands (154 taxa), in order to identify (i) the spatial patterns and environmental factors that explain this endemism, (ii) hotspots of species and phylogenetic endemism, and (iii) gaps in the protected areas. The taxonomic and phylogenetic metrics showed different distribution patterns, but the mountainous areas of Mallorca, and some coastal areas of the Balearic Islands, have the highest values. These values were positively related to elevation, precipitation, temperature, and slope, and negatively related to the distance from the coast, aspect, and the temperature of the wettest quarter. We identified top grid hotspots where all the metrics had the highest values, and we also identified nano-hotspots within these hotspots, in some of the highest peaks of Mallorca, where most of these metrics’ maximum values coincided. This approach allowed us to identify some gaps in the conservation priority areas, and to highlight the need to review their boundaries and definition. 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