67439f4a4358bda5061163625adc5037 DovalViladrichAngulo_Brunet_2023_Alpha_theResistanceofaClassic.pdf d26ab63a72b200716ae39ae3085322d91e28bd2b DovalViladrichAngulo_Brunet_2023_Alpha_theResistanceofaClassic.pdf 597a31e504cb2b9bc327d9cf1550cb4e89249d363d0dd0a2585215dbb3e29b00 DovalViladrichAngulo_Brunet_2023_Alpha_theResistanceofaClassic.pdf Title: Coefficient Alpha: The Resistance of a Classic Subject: Background: During the 20th century the alpha coefficient (α) was widely used in the estimation of the internal consistency reliability of test scores. After misuses were identified in the early 21st century alternatives became widespread, especially the omega coefficient (ω). Nowadays, α is re-emerging as an acceptable option for reliability estimation. Method: A review of the recent academic contributions, journal publication habits and recommendations from normative texts was carried out to identify good practices in estimation of internal consistency reliability. Results: To guide the analysis, we propose a three-phase decision diagram, which includes item description, fit of the measurement model for the test, and choice of the reliability coefficient for test score(s). We also provide recommendations on the use of R, Jamovi, JASP, Mplus, SPSS and Stata software to perform the analysis. Conclusions: Both α and ω are suitable for items with approximately normal distributions and approximately unidimensional and congeneric measures without extreme factor loadings. When items show non-normal distributions, strong specific components, or correlated errors, variants of ω are more appropriate. Some require specific data gathering designs. On a practical level we recommend a critical approach when using the software. 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true Font: BaseFont: YURCXW+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: YURCXW+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Flags: Serif, Symbolic, Italic FontBBox: -547, -307, 1401, 1032 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: HSFZTE+TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: HSFZTE+TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT Flags: Serif, Symbolic, Italic FontBBox: -498, -307, 1333, 1023 FontFile2: true XMP: application/pdf Coefficient Alpha: The Resistance of a Classic Eduardo Doval Carme Viladrich Ariadna Angulo-Brunet Background: During the 20th century the alpha coefficient (α) was widely used in the estimation of the internal consistency reliability of test scores. After misuses were identified in the early 21st century alternatives became widespread, especially the omega coefficient (ω). Nowadays, α is re-emerging as an acceptable option for reliability estimation. Method: A review of the recent academic contributions, journal publication habits and recommendations from normative texts was carried out to identify good practices in estimation of internal consistency reliability. Results: To guide the analysis, we propose a three-phase decision diagram, which includes item description, fit of the measurement model for the test, and choice of the reliability coefficient for test score(s). We also provide recommendations on the use of R, Jamovi, JASP, Mplus, SPSS and Stata software to perform the analysis. Conclusions: Both α and ω are suitable for items with approximately normal distributions and approximately unidimensional and congeneric measures without extreme factor loadings. When items show non-normal distributions, strong specific components, or correlated errors, variants of ω are more appropriate. Some require specific data gathering designs. 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