4ea88e08701ae6b64307ffc66a00aa8d pmc_10045741.pdf 6d2ceceb2cc512db20f29ba8df32fdd589590be2 pmc_10045741.pdf 3ca01c3d50d1aded00c1fd6d0e58541edcc6c1ec98df3a4a43a9f4e717d5f85f pmc_10045741.pdf Title: Trace Elements and Ferritin in Pig Saliva: Variations during Fattening, Time of Sampling, Effect of Dirtiness and Stability under Different Storage Conditions Subject: The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible changes of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and ferritin during the entire productive cycle in fattening pigs and at different diurnal sampling times. Moreover, the possible effects of the presence of pen contaminants and storage stability at different temperature conditions were assessed. The analytes changed along the different phases of the fattening productive cycle, showing, in general, higher values at the initial phases. In addition, statistically significant variations were found in Zn and Cu measurements at different sampling times of the day. In the spectrophotometric assays, the values of all analytes significantly increased after adding high concentrations of feces or feed. However, when low concentrations of feces or feed were added, only Cu showed a significant increase. Overall, the salivary levels of Zn, Cu, Fe and ferritin in pigs can change during different fattening phases and the different hours of the day. These analytes were more stable at -80 C and, if saliva is contaminated with feces or feed, it can lead to an increase in these analytes. Keywords: saliva; pig; fattening cycle; diurnal; variations; dirtiness; stability; biomarkers; sampling Author: Alba Ortín-Bustillo, Damián Escribano, Silvia Martínez-Subiela, Asta Tvarijonaviciute, Alberto Muñoz-Prieto, Marina López-Arjona, José J. Cerón and Fernando Tecles Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sun Mar 5 07:44:05 2023 CET ModDate: Sun Mar 5 07:47:37 2023 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 10 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1420604 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- MWHIBA+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 EJSAYU+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 VNHVZM+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 ASBUPJ+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 QMDDXF+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 JYPLJJ+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 KUDXZB+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 50 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 75 0 WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 82 0 PFPDNG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 234 0 PFPDNI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 237 0 PFPDNK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 240 0 PFPFHD+PalatinoLinotype,BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 243 0 PFPDNG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 611 0 PFPDNH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 614 0 PFPDNI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 620 0 PFPDNK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 623 0 PFPDNG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 905 0 PFPDNI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 908 0 PFPDNK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 911 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-06-15 02:33:35 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_10045741.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-05-30 02:16:16 CEST Size: 1420604 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 1138 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Animals and Biomedical Ethics Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Sampling Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Analysis of Zn, Cu, Fe and Ferritin Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Evaluation of Changes of Zn, Cu, Fe and Ferritin in Fattening Pigs during a Complete Productive Cycle Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Evaluation of Changes of Zn, Cu, Fe and Ferritin According to the Time of Sampling (Diurnal Variations Study) Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Influence of Fecal and Feed Contamination of Saliva Samples in the Measurements of Zn, Cu and Fe Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Storage Stability Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Children: Item: Title: Longitudinal Study Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Diurnal Variations Study Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Influence of Fecal and Feed Contamination Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Storage Stability under Different Temperature Conditions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@3aeaafa6 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@76a3e297 Info: Title: Trace Elements and Ferritin in Pig Saliva: Variations during Fattening, Time of Sampling, Effect of Dirtiness and Stability under Different Storage Conditions Author: Alba Ortín-Bustillo, Damián Escribano, Silvia Martínez-Subiela, Asta Tvarijonaviciute, Alberto Muñoz-Prieto, Marina López-Arjona, José J. Cerón and Fernando Tecles Subject: The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible changes of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and ferritin during the entire productive cycle in fattening pigs and at different diurnal sampling times. Moreover, the possible effects of the presence of pen contaminants and storage stability at different temperature conditions were assessed. The analytes changed along the different phases of the fattening productive cycle, showing, in general, higher values at the initial phases. In addition, statistically significant variations were found in Zn and Cu measurements at different sampling times of the day. In the spectrophotometric assays, the values of all analytes significantly increased after adding high concentrations of feces or feed. However, when low concentrations of feces or feed were added, only Cu showed a significant increase. Overall, the salivary levels of Zn, Cu, Fe and ferritin in pigs can change during different fattening phases and the different hours of the day. These analytes were more stable at -80 C and, if saliva is contaminated with feces or feed, it can lead to an increase in these analytes. Keywords: saliva; pig; fattening cycle; diurnal; variations; dirtiness; stability; biomarkers; sampling Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sun Mar 05 07:44:05 CET 2023 ModDate: Sun Mar 05 07:47:37 CET 2023 ID: 0x9f500452e33aa221752343603fb150ef, 0x9f500452e33aa221752343603fb150ef Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: JYPLJJ+VnURWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 161 LastChar: 226 FontDescriptor: FontName: JYPLJJ+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal FontSubset: true FirstChar: 112 LastChar: 112 FontDescriptor: FontName: WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -300, 1073, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: VNHVZM+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 252 FontDescriptor: FontName: VNHVZM+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: ASBUPJ+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 121 FontDescriptor: FontName: ASBUPJ+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: MWHIBA+VnURWPalladioL FontSubset: true FirstChar: 161 LastChar: 226 FontDescriptor: FontName: MWHIBA+VnURWPalladioL Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: OVNEXW+EURM10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 22 LastChar: 22 FontDescriptor: FontName: OVNEXW+EURM10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -32, -243, 1060, 720 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: QMDDXF+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 14 FontDescriptor: FontName: QMDDXF+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -29, -960, 1116, 775 FontFile: true Font: BaseFont: EJSAYU+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 3 LastChar: 241 FontDescriptor: FontName: EJSAYU+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Pages: Page: Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 117, 279, 152, 288 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 267, 137, 276 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 164, 96, 186 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 126, 90, 154, 99 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 78, 147, 87 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 756, 175, 792 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 515, 756, 560, 792 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 232, 642, 243, 655 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 361, 642, 372, 655 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 480, 642, 491, 655 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 141, 629, 152, 643 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 271, 273, 278, 282 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 278, 273, 285, 282 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 483, 273, 490, 282 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 333, 261, 340, 270 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 524, 248, 531, 257 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 531, 248, 538, 257 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 408, 223, 415, 232 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 400, 185, 407, 195 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 207, 148, 214, 157 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 236, 135, 243, 144 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 246, 135, 258, 144 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 279, 123, 291, 132 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 294, 123, 306, 132 ActionDest: 1001 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 255, 110, 267, 119 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 247, 98, 259, 107 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 412, 98, 424, 107 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 127, 17, 273, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 392, 17, 560, 28 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 400, 87, 419 Page: Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 316, 723, 328, 732 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 355, 685, 367, 694 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 210, 673, 222, 682 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 370, 673, 382, 682 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 544, 420, 556, 429 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 417, 194, 429, 203 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 459, 169, 471, 178 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 497, 108, 509, 117 ActionDest: 1004 Page: Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 480, 710, 492, 718 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 443, 586, 455, 595 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 405, 284, 417, 293 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 313, 272, 325, 281 ActionDest: 1004 Page: Sequence: 4 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 413, 723, 424, 732 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 480, 660, 492, 669 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 293, 497, 305, 506 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 190, 342, 197, 354 ActionDest: 79 Page: Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 396, 481, 403, 493 ActionDest: 86 Page: Sequence: 6 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 377, 717, 384, 729 ActionDest: 319 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 381, 57, 388, 69 ActionDest: 773 Page: Sequence: 7 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 404, 59, 416, 69 ActionDest: 1004 Page: Sequence: 8 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 230, 723, 242, 732 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 327, 710, 339, 719 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 340, 710, 352, 719 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 481, 673, 493, 682 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 493, 673, 505, 682 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 361, 623, 373, 631 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 240, 585, 252, 594 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 495, 459, 507, 468 ActionDest: 1004 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 394, 409, 405, 418 ActionDest: 1004 Page: Sequence: 9 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 175, 398, 212, 408 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 219, 398, 255, 408 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 451, 374, 488, 385 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 495, 374, 531, 385 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 95, 352, 132, 362 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 285, 328, 323, 339 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 329, 328, 365, 339 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 306, 96, 316 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 102, 306, 138, 316 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 309, 282, 346, 293 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 353, 282, 389, 293 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 233, 259, 271, 270 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 277, 259, 313, 270 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 236, 225, 273, 235 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 203, 202, 241, 212 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 113, 133, 150, 143 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 108, 110, 146, 120 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 152, 110, 188, 120 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 139, 87, 177, 97 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 183, 87, 219, 97 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 410, 75, 448, 86 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 454, 75, 490, 86 Page: Sequence: 10 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 500, 710, 537, 721 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 494, 687, 532, 698 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 214, 664, 252, 675 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 258, 664, 294, 675 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 319, 641, 357, 652 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 363, 641, 399, 652 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 520, 618, 557, 629 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 607, 95, 617 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 393, 583, 430, 594 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 432, 561, 470, 571 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 476, 561, 512, 571 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 355, 526, 393, 537 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 376, 491, 413, 502 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 419, 491, 455, 502 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 242, 457, 280, 468 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 286, 457, 322, 468 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 289, 435, 327, 445 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 463, 412, 501, 422 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 104, 377, 141, 387 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 392, 353, 430, 364 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 162, 331, 200, 341 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 86, 308, 124, 318 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 251, 284, 287, 295 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 429, 261, 466, 272 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 472, 261, 508, 272 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 210, 238, 248, 249 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 86, 216, 124, 226 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 130, 216, 166, 226 Checksum: 9c2260c6 Type: CRC32 Checksum: 4ea88e08701ae6b64307ffc66a00aa8d Type: MD5 Checksum: 6d2ceceb2cc512db20f29ba8df32fdd589590be2 Type: SHA-1