b877f744c225509f6300741124fabb90 pmc_10251910.pdf 7ceb52ec24b318f16cbaa3245a9298b49ddcd844 pmc_10251910.pdf 369ea2c6820bb2da9f1059ff02b0b5cfb9825d549b4ca026e5b11fa7b2504f68 pmc_10251910.pdf Title: One Health Approach: Invasive California Kingsnake (Lampropeltis californiae) as an Important Source of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Salmonella Clones on Gran Canaria Island Subject: The increase in the reptile population has led to a rise in the number of zoonotic infections due to close contact with reptiles, with reptile-associated salmonellosis being particularly relevant. California kingsnake invasion not only threatens the endemic reptile population of the island of Gran Canaria (Spain) but also poses serious public health problems by spreading zoonotic pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to the environment. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the occurrence, genetic diversity, and AMR among Salmonella spp. strains isolated from California kingsnakes in Gran Canaria Island (Spain). Of 73 invasive individuals captured, 20.5% carried Salmonella spp., belonging to different subspecies and serovars, with subsp. salamae as the most abundant. Pulsed-field electrophoresis showed high genetic diversity among subsp. salamae isolates, and among these, 73.3% showed resistance to at least one of the antimicrobials tested. In conclusion, the present study revealed the importance of wild invasive California kingsnakes as reservoirs of drug-resistant Salmonella spp. that could pose a direct threat to livestock and humans. Identification of drug-resistant Salmonella strains in wildlife provides valuable information on potential routes of transmission that involve risks to public and animal health. Keywords: Salmonella; multi-drug resistance; PFGE; Lampropeltis californiae Author: Kevin M. Santana-Hernández, Eligia Rodríguez-Ponce, Inmaculada Rosario Medina, Begoña Acosta-Hernández, Simon L. Priestnall, Santiago Vega, Clara Marin, Marta Cerdà-Cuéllar, Ana Marco-Fuertes, Teresa Ayats, Teresa García Beltrán and Pablo A. Lupiola-Gómez Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sun May 28 09:32:15 2023 CEST ModDate: Sun May 28 09:37:34 2023 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2045156 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- JUXSQN+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 IMYYRU+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 NPTRAM+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 PIEACM+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 HSYVTN+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 RHPTXE+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 SZMRXJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 50 0 WABLSD+SFRM1000 Type 1 Custom yes yes no 72 0 LDHCMG+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 80 0 FAYBPG+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 84 0 JFBMNN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 91 0 JFBMON+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 94 0 JFBMOO+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 100 0 JFBMPA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 103 0 JFBPDG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 106 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 113 0 JFBMNN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 126 0 JFBMON+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 129 0 JFBMOO+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 135 0 JFBMPA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 138 0 JFBPDG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 141 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-11-09 02:32:19 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_10251910.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-11-03 02:24:25 CET Size: 2045156 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 429 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4d3167f4 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@ed9d034 Children: Item: Title: Sample Collection Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@6121c9d6 Item: Title: Salmonella Isolation Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@87f383f Item: Title: Molecular Typing of Salmonella Isolates Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@4eb7f003 Item: Title: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@eafc191 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612fc6eb Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1060b431 Children: Item: Title: Salmonella spp. Identification and Serotyping Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@612679d6 Item: Title: Salmonella Molecular Typing Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@11758f2a Item: Title: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@e720b71 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1b26f7b2 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@491cc5c9 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@74ad1f1f Info: Title: One Health Approach: Invasive California Kingsnake (Lampropeltis californiae) as an Important Source of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Salmonella Clones on Gran Canaria Island Author: Kevin M. Santana-Hernández, Eligia Rodríguez-Ponce, Inmaculada Rosario Medina, Begoña Acosta-Hernández, Simon L. Priestnall, Santiago Vega, Clara Marin, Marta Cerdà-Cuéllar, Ana Marco-Fuertes, Teresa Ayats, Teresa García Beltrán and Pablo A. Lupiola-Gómez Subject: The increase in the reptile population has led to a rise in the number of zoonotic infections due to close contact with reptiles, with reptile-associated salmonellosis being particularly relevant. California kingsnake invasion not only threatens the endemic reptile population of the island of Gran Canaria (Spain) but also poses serious public health problems by spreading zoonotic pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to the environment. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the occurrence, genetic diversity, and AMR among Salmonella spp. strains isolated from California kingsnakes in Gran Canaria Island (Spain). Of 73 invasive individuals captured, 20.5% carried Salmonella spp., belonging to different subspecies and serovars, with subsp. salamae as the most abundant. Pulsed-field electrophoresis showed high genetic diversity among subsp. salamae isolates, and among these, 73.3% showed resistance to at least one of the antimicrobials tested. In conclusion, the present study revealed the importance of wild invasive California kingsnakes as reservoirs of drug-resistant Salmonella spp. that could pose a direct threat to livestock and humans. Identification of drug-resistant Salmonella strains in wildlife provides valuable information on potential routes of transmission that involve risks to public and animal health. 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