cbcf4a869a99d515d62aeee0f68be61c pmc_10301445.pdf 3e0dcf4748eaeb668a70f2f9ad2603500d12769c pmc_10301445.pdf b8c472e43cfa8bc8a7aa7c38a43330ea1b8dd9bfcaea425a4c912b2b305dffae pmc_10301445.pdf Title: Are Hamstring Grafts a Predisposing Factor to Infection in R-ACL Surgery? A Comparative In Vitro Study Subject: Background: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the formation of biofilms in bone patellar tendon bone grafts (BPTB grafts), and to compare it to the formation of biofilm formation in quadrupled hamstring anterior cruciate ligament grafts (4Ht graft). Methods: A descriptive in vitro study was conducted. One 4Ht graft and one BPTB graft were prepared. They were then contaminated with a strain of S. epidermidis. Later, a quantitative analysis was conducted by means of microcalorimetry and sonication with plating. Additionally, a qualitative analysis was conducted by means of electron microscopy. Results: No significant differences were found between the bacterial growth profiles of the 4Ht graft and the BPTB graft in microcalorimetry and colony counting. In the samples analyzed with electron microscopy, no specific biofilm growth pattern was identified upon comparing the BPTB graft to the 4Ht graft. Conclusions: There were no significant differences found at either the quantitative or qualitative level when comparing bacterial growth in the BPTB graft to that in the 4Ht graft. Therefore, the presence of sutures in the 4Ht graft cannot be established as a predisposing factor for increased biofilm growth in this in vitro study. Keywords: arthroscopy; sports medicine; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; implant-associated infection; biofilm; septic arthritis Author: Ferran Corcoll, Daniel Pérez-Prieto, Svetlana Karbysheva, Andrej Trampuz, Oscar Fariñas and Juan Carles Monllau Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Fri May 26 07:43:50 2023 CEST ModDate: Fri May 26 07:49:57 2023 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 10 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2299864 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- LZJWOX+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 YSZCGU+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 SQHRMW+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 EDUSTH+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 TDUDTH+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 BTFGED+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 UXHOAG+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 51 0 MCCDBE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 79 0 MCCDBF+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 82 0 MCCDBG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 88 0 MCCDCI+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 91 0 MCCDPE+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 94 0 MCCEMA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 97 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 105 0 MCCDBE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 115 0 MCCDBF+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 118 0 MCCDBG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 124 0 MCCDCI+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 127 0 MCCDPE+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 130 0 MCCDBE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 138 0 MCCDBF+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 141 0 MCCDBG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 147 0 MCCDCI+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 150 0 MCCDPE+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 153 0 MCCDBE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 164 0 MCCDBF+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 167 0 MCCDBG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 173 0 MCCDCI+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 176 0 MCCDPE+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 179 0 MCCDBE+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 186 0 MCCDBF+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 189 0 MCCDBG+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 195 0 MCCDCI+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 198 0 MCCDPE+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 201 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-09-01 08:22:21 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_10301445.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-06-29 02:38:05 CEST Size: 2299864 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 352 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Contamination and Biofilm Growth Conditions Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Isothermal Microcalorimetry Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Sonication and Plating and CFU Counting Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Isothermal Microcalorimetry Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: CFU Counting Method Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Electron Microscopy Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.6 Info: Title: Are Hamstring Grafts a Predisposing Factor to Infection in R-ACL Surgery? A Comparative In Vitro Study Author: Ferran Corcoll, Daniel Pérez-Prieto, Svetlana Karbysheva, Andrej Trampuz, Oscar Fariñas and Juan Carles Monllau Subject: Background: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the formation of biofilms in bone patellar tendon bone grafts (BPTB grafts), and to compare it to the formation of biofilm formation in quadrupled hamstring anterior cruciate ligament grafts (4Ht graft). Methods: A descriptive in vitro study was conducted. One 4Ht graft and one BPTB graft were prepared. They were then contaminated with a strain of S. epidermidis. Later, a quantitative analysis was conducted by means of microcalorimetry and sonication with plating. Additionally, a qualitative analysis was conducted by means of electron microscopy. Results: No significant differences were found between the bacterial growth profiles of the 4Ht graft and the BPTB graft in microcalorimetry and colony counting. In the samples analyzed with electron microscopy, no specific biofilm growth pattern was identified upon comparing the BPTB graft to the 4Ht graft. Conclusions: There were no significant differences found at either the quantitative or qualitative level when comparing bacterial growth in the BPTB graft to that in the 4Ht graft. Therefore, the presence of sutures in the 4Ht graft cannot be established as a predisposing factor for increased biofilm growth in this in vitro study. Keywords: arthroscopy; sports medicine; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; implant-associated infection; biofilm; septic arthritis Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Fri May 26 07:43:50 CEST 2023 ModDate: Fri May 26 07:49:57 CEST 2023 ID: 0xe4a3d67e1cc08733f08d01026f3375c5, 0xe4a3d67e1cc08733f08d01026f3375c5 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: BTFGED+VnURWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 178 LastChar: 178 FontDescriptor: FontName: BTFGED+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: SQHRMW+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 252 FontDescriptor: FontName: SQHRMW+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true Font: BaseFont: EDUSTH+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 148 FontDescriptor: FontName: 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