17b474fef82b485da02319b36114b6bd pmc_10340046.pdf fa97ccddd61b82f27de4477f4aff79004439c048 pmc_10340046.pdf a0a13dea48be16e43333766d75a04d746bb841c6902998eb022e5cf945ac5353 pmc_10340046.pdf Title: Predicting Chemical Composition and Apparent Total Tract Digestibility on Freeze-Dried Not Ground Faeces Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Pigs Subject: The present study aimed to compare NIRS results using freeze-dried ground or not ground (FDG or FDNG) faeces to predict faecal chemical composition and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) coefficients. Two different batches of pigs were used (n = 20 mixed sex pens/batch; 11 pigs/pen; Duroc (Large White Landrace)). The first batch of pigs (B1; 50.1 3.44 kg body weight (BW)) was used at 13 wks of age and the second batch (B2; 87.0 4.10 kg BW) was used at 18 wks of age. For both B1 and B2, pens were assigned to five diets formulated to obtain a control [10.03 MJ of net energy (NE), 160.0 g of crude protein (CP), and 9.5 g of standardized ileal digestive (SID) lysine (Lys) per kg of feed], low protein (132.0 g CP and 7.5 g SID Lys), high protein (188.0 g CP and 11.5 g SID Lys), low energy (9.61 MJ NE/kg), and high energy (10.45 MJ NE/kg) diets. After a 10-day adaptation period, one faecal sample was collected daily from each pen floor during 6 days in both B1 and B2 (n = 120/batch). Faecal samples were freeze-dried and analysed via NIRS as FDNG and FDG faeces. Dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), CP, gross energy (GE), fat, and ATTD coefficients were analysed/calculated. The NIRS calibrations were evaluated by cross-validation, splitting the data in four random groups, or using the leave-one-out method. For both FDNG and FDG faeces, coefficients of determination for calibration (R2cv) and residual predictive deviation (RPD) values were: close to 0.9 and 3 for DM and CP, 0.7–0.8 and 2 for OM and GE, 0.6 and <2 for fat, and 0.54–0.75 and 2 for ATTD coefficients, respectively. CP was better predicted using FDG faeces (p < 0.05), while DM and OM ATTD were better predicted using FDNG faeces (p < 0.05). In conclusion, NIRS successfully predicts faeces’ chemical components and ATTD coefficients of nutrients using FDNG or FDG faeces. Keywords: diet; digestibility; faeces; NIRS; nutrition; pig; swine Author: Jordi Camp Montoro, David Solà-Oriol, Ramon Muns, Josep Gasa, Núria Llanes and Edgar Garcia Manzanilla Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sat Jun 24 07:59:26 2023 CEST ModDate: Sat Jun 24 08:01:49 2023 CEST Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 727706 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- IPXDXF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 ZGLNMM+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 CRCBKJ+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 TSFLWC+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 KXDJCR+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 28 0 TZESMQ+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 32 0 SZMRXJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 50 0 ZPGVCH+CMEX10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 82 0 CZKGAS+CMR10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 86 0 BCDEEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 94 0 BCDFEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 98 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 102 0 BCDHEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 106 0 BCDIEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 113 0 BCDJEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 120 0 BCDKEE+CambriaMath CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 127 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-09-16 02:34:17 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_10340046.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-09-09 02:19:43 CEST Size: 727706 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 330 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Care and Use of Animals, Diets and Faecal Sampling Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Feed Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Item: Title: Faecal Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Determination of Nutrient and Energy Digestibility Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Faecal NIRS Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Development of Faecal NIRS Calibration Equations and Statistical Analysis Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Children: Item: Title: Faeces Chemical and ATTD Nutrient Composition Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Faecal NIRS Calibrations Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Freeze-Dried Not Ground vs. Freeze-Dried Ground Models Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Info: Title: Predicting Chemical Composition and Apparent Total Tract Digestibility on Freeze-Dried Not Ground Faeces Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Pigs Author: Jordi Camp Montoro, David Solà-Oriol, Ramon Muns, Josep Gasa, Núria Llanes and Edgar Garcia Manzanilla Subject: The present study aimed to compare NIRS results using freeze-dried ground or not ground (FDG or FDNG) faeces to predict faecal chemical composition and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) coefficients. Two different batches of pigs were used (n = 20 mixed sex pens/batch; 11 pigs/pen; Duroc (Large White Landrace)). The first batch of pigs (B1; 50.1 3.44 kg body weight (BW)) was used at 13 wks of age and the second batch (B2; 87.0 4.10 kg BW) was used at 18 wks of age. For both B1 and B2, pens were assigned to five diets formulated to obtain a control [10.03 MJ of net energy (NE), 160.0 g of crude protein (CP), and 9.5 g of standardized ileal digestive (SID) lysine (Lys) per kg of feed], low protein (132.0 g CP and 7.5 g SID Lys), high protein (188.0 g CP and 11.5 g SID Lys), low energy (9.61 MJ NE/kg), and high energy (10.45 MJ NE/kg) diets. After a 10-day adaptation period, one faecal sample was collected daily from each pen floor during 6 days in both B1 and B2 (n = 120/batch). Faecal samples were freeze-dried and analysed via NIRS as FDNG and FDG faeces. Dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), CP, gross energy (GE), fat, and ATTD coefficients were analysed/calculated. The NIRS calibrations were evaluated by cross-validation, splitting the data in four random groups, or using the leave-one-out method. For both FDNG and FDG faeces, coefficients of determination for calibration (R2cv) and residual predictive deviation (RPD) values were: close to 0.9 and 3 for DM and CP, 0.7 0.8 and 2 for OM and GE, 0.6 and <2 for fat, and 0.54 0.75 and 2 for ATTD coefficients, respectively. CP was better predicted using FDG faeces (p < 0.05), while DM and OM ATTD were better predicted using FDNG faeces (p < 0.05). In conclusion, NIRS successfully predicts faeces’ chemical components and ATTD coefficients of nutrients using FDNG or FDG faeces. 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