110d271c76f17fcd35a0a700375362ac pmc_10707506.pdf 9341d4ae937bc3e8d2e27af1aa5b4cfe15bf9da5 pmc_10707506.pdf 6a2e119f0bb206727d2341e288a2e9dc2a07ff7271cac1eef0bd6ee5823b5162 pmc_10707506.pdf Title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis under Disease-Modifying Therapies: A Multi-Centre Study Subject: Background: The EMCOVID project conducted a multi-centre cohort study to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on patients with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) receiving disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). The study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in MS patients enrolled in the EMCOVID database. The DMTs were used to manage MS by reducing relapses, lesion accumulation, and disability progression. However, concerns arose regarding the susceptibility of pwMS to COVID-19 due to potential interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and the immune system, as well as the immunomodulatory effects of DMTs. Methods: This prospective observational study utilized data from a Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19 (EMCOVID-19) study. Demographic characteristics, MS history, laboratory data, SARS-CoV-2 serology, and symptoms of COVID-19 were extracted for pwMS receiving any type of DMT. The relationship between demographics, MS phenotype, DMTs, and COVID-19 was evaluated. The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over a 6-month period was also assessed. Results: The study included 709 pwMS, with 376 patients providing samples at the 6-month follow-up visit. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was higher among pwMS than the general population, with Interferon treatment being significantly associated with greater seroprevalence (16.9% vs. 8.4%; p 0.003). However, no other specific DMT showed a significant association with antibody presence. A total of 32 patients (8.5%) tested positive for IgG, IgM, or IgA antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 at baseline, but then tested negative at 6 months. Most of the pwMS in the cohort were asymptomatic for COVID-19 and, even among symptomatic cases, the prognosis was generally favourable. Conclusion: pwMS undergoing DMTs exhibited a higher seroprevalence of COVID-19 than the general population. Interferon treatment was associated with a higher seroprevalence, suggesting a more robust humoral response. This study provides valuable insights into the seroprevalence and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pwMS and contributes to our understanding of the impact of COVID-19 amongst this population. Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; DMT; seroprevalence Author: Agustín Sancho-Saldaña, Anna Gil-Sánchez, Cristina González-Mingot, Silvia Peralta, Maria Jose Solana, Pascual Torres, Alba Juanes, Laura Quibus, Emilio Ruiz, Eduardo Sanpedro, Bibiana Quirant-Sánchez, Eva Martínez-Cáceres, Cristina Ramo Tello, Silvia Presas-Rodríguez, Sebatián García Rubio, Beatriz Pardiñas Baron, Lluís Ramió-Torrentà, Javier Sotoca, Inés González-Suárez, Sara Eichau, José M. Prieto-González, Maria Rosario Blasco Quilez, Julia Sabín-Muñoz, Antonio José Sánchez-López, Gloria Llorens Calatayud, Carmen Calles, Ángel Pérez Sempere, Moises Garcés, Olga Carmona, Ester Moral, José Vicente Hervás, Yolanda Blanco, Nuria Sola-Valls, Nieves Tellez Lara, Lucía Forero and Luis Brieva Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Thu Nov 23 06:53:00 2023 CET ModDate: Thu Nov 23 06:56:44 2023 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2540774 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- SDIDBK+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 FPIDYR+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 YSAFGS+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 20 0 NAVWXI+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 24 0 YRKSID+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 XPUSBJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 46 0 BSDWLC+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 49 0 RQPVQI+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 77 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 81 0 JFHNEN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 92 0 JFHNEO+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 95 0 JFHNEP+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 101 0 JFHNFB+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 104 0 JFHOJL+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 107 0 WBVKDJ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 124 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-04-29 02:07:38 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_10707506.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-04-28 10:18:02 CEST Size: 2540774 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 282 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Material and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Study Design and Patients Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Blood Samples Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Ethics Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis under Disease-Modifying Therapies: A Multi-Centre Study Author: Agustín Sancho-Saldaña, Anna Gil-Sánchez, Cristina González-Mingot, Silvia Peralta, Maria Jose Solana, Pascual Torres, Alba Juanes, Laura Quibus, Emilio Ruiz, Eduardo Sanpedro, Bibiana Quirant-Sánchez, Eva Martínez-Cáceres, Cristina Ramo Tello, Silvia Presas-Rodríguez, Sebatián García Rubio, Beatriz Pardiñas Baron, Lluís Ramió-Torrentà, Javier Sotoca, Inés González-Suárez, Sara Eichau, José M. Prieto-González, Maria Rosario Blasco Quilez, Julia Sabín-Muñoz, Antonio José Sánchez-López, Gloria Llorens Calatayud, Carmen Calles, Ángel Pérez Sempere, Moises Garcés, Olga Carmona, Ester Moral, José Vicente Hervás, Yolanda Blanco, Nuria Sola-Valls, Nieves Tellez Lara, Lucía Forero and Luis Brieva Subject: Background: The EMCOVID project conducted a multi-centre cohort study to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on patients with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) receiving disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). The study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in MS patients enrolled in the EMCOVID database. The DMTs were used to manage MS by reducing relapses, lesion accumulation, and disability progression. However, concerns arose regarding the susceptibility of pwMS to COVID-19 due to potential interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and the immune system, as well as the immunomodulatory effects of DMTs. Methods: This prospective observational study utilized data from a Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19 (EMCOVID-19) study. Demographic characteristics, MS history, laboratory data, SARS-CoV-2 serology, and symptoms of COVID-19 were extracted for pwMS receiving any type of DMT. The relationship between demographics, MS phenotype, DMTs, and COVID-19 was evaluated. The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over a 6-month period was also assessed. Results: The study included 709 pwMS, with 376 patients providing samples at the 6-month follow-up visit. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was higher among pwMS than the general population, with Interferon treatment being significantly associated with greater seroprevalence (16.9% vs. 8.4%; p 0.003). However, no other specific DMT showed a significant association with antibody presence. A total of 32 patients (8.5%) tested positive for IgG, IgM, or IgA antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 at baseline, but then tested negative at 6 months. Most of the pwMS in the cohort were asymptomatic for COVID-19 and, even among symptomatic cases, the prognosis was generally favourable. Conclusion: pwMS undergoing DMTs exhibited a higher seroprevalence of COVID-19 than the general population. Interferon treatment was associated with a higher seroprevalence, suggesting a more robust humoral response. This study provides valuable insights into the seroprevalence and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pwMS and contributes to our understanding of the impact of COVID-19 amongst this population. 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