11a5940bb298cbaeb56e84d66bc54778 pmc_9955072.pdf 120a831d7ea7451566c5ca7f26baa8ad28c29725 pmc_9955072.pdf ed7c7e00cf9fc53c99b3db9c63b0a2c329bbeab530e0850165cb87d4d2693974 pmc_9955072.pdf Title: Acute Relaxation Response Induced by Tibetan Singing Bowl Sounds: A Randomized Controlled Trial Subject: The prevalence of anxiety has increased dramatically due to COVID-19, so effective preventive interventions are welcome. The main objective of our study was to compare the acute relaxation response (RR) induced by Tibetan singing bowl (TSB) sound-based treatment against progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and a control waiting list group (CWL) in a single treatment session in an adult nonclinical anxious population. In this cross-sectional randomized control trial, 50 participants selected based on high state anxiety were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups. Pre/post self-reported anxiety, electroencephalographic activity (EEG), and heart rate variability (HRV) were recorded at baseline (T1), minute 15 (T2), minute 30 (T3), and minute 45 (T4). The TSB group showed significant reductions in alpha power (from T2 to T4) and increased HRV (from T3 to T4) compared with the PMR and CWL groups. Moreover, TSB and PMR both showed significant reductions in self-reported anxiety compared with CWL, with this effect being more evident in the TSB group. We concluded that a single session of TSB treatment was able to induce a more evident psychological/physiological relaxation response compared with PMR and CWL. TSB could be a relevant acute intervention in stressful situations or crisis intervention and while waiting for conventional interventions. Keywords: anxiety; music therapy; Tibetan singing bowl; heart rate variability; relaxation response Author: Cristobal Rio-Alamos, Rodrigo Montefusco-Siegmund, Toni Cañete, Joaquín Sotomayor and Alberto Fernandez-Teruel Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Sun Jan 29 12:22:32 2023 CET ModDate: Sun Jan 29 12:24:47 2023 CET Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1923790 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- FTINNC+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 EYEQSU+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 RYGIFQ+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 EIFDAO+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 23 0 WLENKM+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 28 0 KXDJCR+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 69 0 BIAEPG+wasy10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 73 0 BCDEEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 81 0 BCDFEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 85 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 89 0 BCDIEE+SegoeUISymbol CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 93 0 SPXLNH+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 106 0 BCDEEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 114 0 BCDFEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 118 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 122 0 BCDHEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 126 0 SymbolMT CID TrueType Identity-H yes no yes 133 0 LZNYUV+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes no 145 0 BCDEEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 160 0 BCDFEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 164 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 168 0 BCDHEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 172 0 BCDEEE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 199 0 BCDFEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 203 0 BCDGEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 207 0 BCDHEE+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 211 0 BCDJEE+PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 218 0 BCDKEE+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 222 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.22.1, 2019-04-17) Date: 2023-07-12 02:30:20 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_9955072.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.1 (2019-04-17) LastModified: 2023-03-02 02:17:32 CET Size: 1923790 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 500 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@44c8afef Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7b69c6ba Children: Item: Title: Design and Participants Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@46daef40 Item: Title: Outcome Measures Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@12f41634 Children: Item: Title: Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@13c27452 Item: Title: Electroencephalography (EEG) Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@262b2c86 Item: Title: Spielberg’s State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@371a67ec Item: Title: Interventions Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@5ed828d Children: Item: Title: Tibetan Singing Bowl (TSB) Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@50d0686 Item: Title: Jacobson’s Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@7a3d45bd Item: Title: Control Waiting List (CWL) Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1e7c7811 Item: Title: Procedure Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77ec78b9 Item: Title: Statistical Analyses Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@1a3869f4 Item: Title: Results Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@a38d7a3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@77f99a05 Item: Title: References Destination: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfSimpleObject@63440df3 Info: Title: Acute Relaxation Response Induced by Tibetan Singing Bowl Sounds: A Randomized Controlled Trial Author: Cristobal Rio-Alamos, Rodrigo Montefusco-Siegmund, Toni Cañete, Joaquín Sotomayor and Alberto Fernandez-Teruel Subject: The prevalence of anxiety has increased dramatically due to COVID-19, so effective preventive interventions are welcome. The main objective of our study was to compare the acute relaxation response (RR) induced by Tibetan singing bowl (TSB) sound-based treatment against progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and a control waiting list group (CWL) in a single treatment session in an adult nonclinical anxious population. In this cross-sectional randomized control trial, 50 participants selected based on high state anxiety were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups. Pre/post self-reported anxiety, electroencephalographic activity (EEG), and heart rate variability (HRV) were recorded at baseline (T1), minute 15 (T2), minute 30 (T3), and minute 45 (T4). The TSB group showed significant reductions in alpha power (from T2 to T4) and increased HRV (from T3 to T4) compared with the PMR and CWL groups. Moreover, TSB and PMR both showed significant reductions in self-reported anxiety compared with CWL, with this effect being more evident in the TSB group. We concluded that a single session of TSB treatment was able to induce a more evident psychological/physiological relaxation response compared with PMR and CWL. TSB could be a relevant acute intervention in stressful situations or crisis intervention and while waiting for conventional interventions. 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