ea8d85d0840f422d03f28f5919387994 chemosensors-12-00119-v3.pdf 803f1d49a8d5a419d2b67f2c0982d9a15a1f879a chemosensors-12-00119-v3.pdf 9dcf8e681bedcdb30051909ece027b86659e58b011c021660a09fc437da4c042 chemosensors-12-00119-v3.pdf Title: Microflow Injection System for Efficient Cu(II) Detection across a Broad Range Subject: In this study, a modular, multi-step, photometric microflow injection analysis (micro-FIA) system for the automatic determination of Cu(II) in a bioreactor was developed. The system incorporates diverse 3D-printed modules, including a platform formed by a mixer module to mix Cu(II) with hydroxylamine, which reduces Cu(II) to Cu(I) linked to a diluter module via a Tesla valve, a chelation mixer module, a disperser module, and a detector module provided by an LED light source at = 455 nm and a light dependence resistor (LDR) as a light intensity detector. The system measures the color intensity resulting from the chelation between Cu(I) and neocuproine. The micro-FIA system demonstrated good capability for automatic and continuous Cu(II) determination, in a wide range of Cu concentrations, from 34 to 2000 mg L-1. The device exhibits a good repeatability (coefficient of variation below 2% across the measured concentration range), good reproducibility, and has an accuracy of around 100% between 600 and 1900 mg L-1. Real samples were analyzed using both the micro-FIA system and an atomic absorption spectroscopy method, revealing no statistically significant differences. Additionally, a Tesla valve located before the detector substituted a 3-way solenoid valve, eliminating the need for moving parts. Keywords: Cu(II); 3D-printed microfluidic platform; micro-FIA; bioleaching; e-waste; circular economy Author: David Ricart, Antonio David Dorado, Conxita Lao-Luque and Mireia Baeza Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Fri Jul 5 07:27:27 2024 CEST ModDate: Fri Jul 5 07:32:32 2024 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 15 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1921258 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- BHNPOE+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 UNSLQC+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 16 0 ZMXAUV+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 21 0 HDHFJW+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 MCRTPA+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 RGUFCP+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 37 0 QOQMCA+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 53 0 BQPMKG+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 82 0 UVAWQU+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 90 0 FMOFOY+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 98 0 HZMWQU+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 102 0 ILZXES+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 106 0 SPXLNH+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 124 0 BQPMKG+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 141 0 UVAWQU+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 149 0 FMOFOY+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 157 0 HZMWQU+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 161 0 ILZXES+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 165 0 BQPMKG+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 181 0 UVAWQU+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 189 0 FMOFOY+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 197 0 HZMWQU+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 201 0 ILZXES+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 205 0 UVAWQU+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 224 0 BQPMKG+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 232 0 FMOFOY+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 240 0 HZMWQU+PalatinoLinotype-Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 244 0 ILZXES+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 248 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-03 02:35:49 CEST RepresentationInformation: chemosensors-12-00119-v3.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-09-19 08:02:51 CEST Size: 1921258 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 456 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Chemicals and Reagents Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Microfluidic 3D Platform and Module Design, Printing Conditions, and Fabrication Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Experimental Setup Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: 3D Optical Flow Cell Detector Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Micro-FIA Procedure for Copper Determination Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Spiked and Real Samples Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Design and Optimization of Passive Elements Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Optimization of Operational Conditions Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Validation of Microanalyzer Performance Destination: subsection.3.3 Children: Item: Title: Precision Destination: subsubsection.3.3.1 Item: Title: Limit of Detection and Limit of Quantification Destination: subsubsection.3.3.2 Item: Title: Linear Response Range Destination: subsubsection.3.3.3 Item: Title: Accuracy Destination: subsubsection.3.3.4 Item: Title: Real Sample Applications Destination: subsubsection.3.3.5 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: appendix.A. Info: Title: Microflow Injection System for Efficient Cu(II) Detection across a Broad Range Author: David Ricart, Antonio David Dorado, Conxita Lao-Luque and Mireia Baeza Subject: In this study, a modular, multi-step, photometric microflow injection analysis (micro-FIA) system for the automatic determination of Cu(II) in a bioreactor was developed. The system incorporates diverse 3D-printed modules, including a platform formed by a mixer module to mix Cu(II) with hydroxylamine, which reduces Cu(II) to Cu(I) linked to a diluter module via a Tesla valve, a chelation mixer module, a disperser module, and a detector module provided by an LED light source at = 455 nm and a light dependence resistor (LDR) as a light intensity detector. The system measures the color intensity resulting from the chelation between Cu(I) and neocuproine. The micro-FIA system demonstrated good capability for automatic and continuous Cu(II) determination, in a wide range of Cu concentrations, from 34 to 2000 mg L-1. The device exhibits a good repeatability (coefficient of variation below 2% across the measured concentration range), good reproducibility, and has an accuracy of around 100% between 600 and 1900 mg L-1. Real samples were analyzed using both the micro-FIA system and an atomic absorption spectroscopy method, revealing no statistically significant differences. Additionally, a Tesla valve located before the detector substituted a 3-way solenoid valve, eliminating the need for moving parts. 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