f69a67e4f55e763803db5ec4927a31ea sbae133.pdf 6849b5c642dba8453e9bf59e53e65b12eeec45f0 sbae133.pdf a2b44fb98bee7d8cc781cf3b4f4eb4712c503653a1811f7acb27ba7a78a3c03d sbae133.pdf Title: Do Cognitive Subtypes Exist in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis? Results From the EU-GEI Study Subject: DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae133 , Volume. 51, Issue. 4, 25 July 2024 Background and Hypothesis: Cognition has been associated with socio-occupational functioning in individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P). The present study hypothesized that clustering CHR-P participants based on cognitive data could reveal clinically meaningful subtypes. Study Design: A cohort of 291 CHR-P subjects was recruited through the multicentre EU-GEI high-risk study. We explored whether an underlying cluster structure was present in the cognition data. Clustering of cognition data was performed using k-means clustering and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise. Cognitive subtypes were validated by comparing differences in functioning, psychosis symptoms, transition outcome, and grey matter volume between clusters. Network analysis was used to further examine relationships between cognition scores and clinical symptoms. Study Results: No underlying cluster structure was found in the cognitive data. K-means clustering produced "spared" and "impaired" cognition clusters similar to those reported in previous studies. However, these clusters were not associated with differences in functioning, symptomatology, outcome, or grey matter volume. Network analysis identified cognition and symptoms/functioning measures that formed separate subnetworks of associations. Conclusions: Stratifying patients according to cognitive performance has the potential to inform clinical care. However, we did not find evidence of cognitive clusters in this CHR-P sample. We suggest that care needs to be taken in inferring the existence of distinct cognitive subtypes from unsupervised learning studies. Future research in CHR-P samples could explore the existence of cognitive subtypes across a wider range of cognitive domains. Author: George Gifford Creator: Adobe InDesign 15.1 (Windows) Producer: Adobe PDF Library 15.0; modified using iTextSharp 4.1.6 by 1T3XT CreationDate: Mon Jul 7 13:46:54 2025 CEST ModDate: Tue Jul 29 11:49:39 2025 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: yes UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 11 Encrypted: no Page size: 593.858 x 782.929 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 18159840 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.4 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- OPQJSR+TimesNewRomanMTStd-BoldIt Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 1697 0 QSPVUN+TimesNewRomanMTStd-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 35 0 TZDNKH+TimesNewRomanMTStd Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 36 0 KDMAZF+ArialMT TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 1 0 NQGDET+TimesNewRomanMTStd-Italic Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 34 0 MMRXQV+GandhariUnicode-Roman Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 83 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-07-31 02:57:08 CEST RepresentationInformation: sbae133.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-07-30 03:33:37 CEST Size: 18159840 Format: PDF Version: 1.4 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Tagged PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 1727 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Language: en-US Outlines: Item: Title: Do Cognitive Subtypes Exist in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis? Results From the EU-GEI Study Children: Item: Title: Introduction Item: Title: Methods Children: Item: Title: Participants Item: Title: Procedures Item: Title: Data Preprocessing Item: Title: Clustering and Cluster Validation Item: Title: Structural MRI Preprocessing and Analysis Item: Title: Network Analysis Item: Title: Results Children: Item: Title: Demographics Item: Title: Clustering Results Item: Title: PCA Item: Title: Structural MRI Item: Title: Network Analysis Item: Title: Discussion Children: Item: Title: Cognitive Clustering in Psychosis Item: Title: Cognition and Attenuated Psychosis Symptoms Item: Title: Strengths and Limitations Item: Title: Conclusions and Future Directions Item: Title: Supplementary Material Item: Title: Acknowledgments Item: Title: References Info: Title: Do Cognitive Subtypes Exist in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis? Results From the EU-GEI Study Author: George Gifford Subject: DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae133 , Volume. 51, Issue. 4, 25 July 2024 Background and Hypothesis: Cognition has been associated with socio-occupational functioning in individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P). The present study hypothesized that clustering CHR-P participants based on cognitive data could reveal clinically meaningful subtypes. Study Design: A cohort of 291 CHR-P subjects was recruited through the multicentre EU-GEI high-risk study. We explored whether an underlying cluster structure was present in the cognition data. Clustering of cognition data was performed using k-means clustering and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise. Cognitive subtypes were validated by comparing differences in functioning, psychosis symptoms, transition outcome, and grey matter volume between clusters. Network analysis was used to further examine relationships between cognition scores and clinical symptoms. Study Results: No underlying cluster structure was found in the cognitive data. K-means clustering produced "spared" and "impaired" cognition clusters similar to those reported in previous studies. However, these clusters were not associated with differences in functioning, symptomatology, outcome, or grey matter volume. Network analysis identified cognition and symptoms/functioning measures that formed separate subnetworks of associations. Conclusions: Stratifying patients according to cognitive performance has the potential to inform clinical care. However, we did not find evidence of cognitive clusters in this CHR-P sample. We suggest that care needs to be taken in inferring the existence of distinct cognitive subtypes from unsupervised learning studies. Future research in CHR-P samples could explore the existence of cognitive subtypes across a wider range of cognitive domains. 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Results From the EU-GEI Study DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae133 , Volume. 51, Issue. 4, 25 July 2024 Background and Hypothesis: Cognition has been associated with socio-occupational functioning in individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P). The present study hypothesized that clustering CHR-P participants based on cognitive data could reveal clinically meaningful subtypes. Study Design: A cohort of 291 CHR-P subjects was recruited through the multicentre EU-GEI high-risk study. We explored whether an underlying cluster structure was present in the cognition data. Clustering of cognition data was performed using k-means clustering and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise. Cognitive subtypes were validated by comparing differences in functioning, psychosis symptoms, transition outcome, and grey matter volume between clusters. Network analysis was used to further examine relationships between cognition scores and clinical symptoms. Study Results: No underlying cluster structure was found in the cognitive data. K-means clustering produced "spared" and "impaired" cognition clusters similar to those reported in previous studies. However, these clusters were not associated with differences in functioning, symptomatology, outcome, or grey matter volume. Network analysis identified cognition and symptoms/functioning measures that formed separate subnetworks of associations. Conclusions: Stratifying patients according to cognitive performance has the potential to inform clinical care. However, we did not find evidence of cognitive clusters in this CHR-P sample. We suggest that care needs to be taken in inferring the existence of distinct cognitive subtypes from unsupervised learning studies. Future research in CHR-P samples could explore the existence of cognitive subtypes across a wider range of cognitive domains. © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. George Gifford Alessia Avila Matthew J. Kempton Paolo Fusar-Poli Robert A. McCutcheon Fiona Coutts Stefania Tognin Lucia Valmaggia Lieuwe de Haan Mark van der Gaag Barnaby Nelson Christos Pantelis Anita Riecher-Rössler Rodrigo Bressan Neus Barrantes-Vidal Marie-Odile Krebs Birte Glenthøj Stephan Ruhrmann Gabriele Sachs Bart P. F. 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