e0e257110c0760e70e2167fd0d0a0883 plants-13-01144.pdf 3718a1487c6a1d25b9b20ea3c09afe057a55fed3 plants-13-01144.pdf bf0080fd59658f2b3cb35dccd79ded9048cd5d8e96b64359cccd8a6b65811add plants-13-01144.pdf Title: Last-Century Forest Dynamics in a Highland Pyrenean National Park and Implications for Conservation Subject: Ecological records from before and after the creation of natural parks are valuable for informing conservation and management but are often unavailable. High-resolution paleoecological studies may bridge the gap and provide the required information. This paper presents a 20th-century subdecadal reconstruction of vegetation and landscape dynamics in a national park of the Pyrenean highlands. The park lands had traditionally been used for cultivation, extensive grazing, forest exploitation, and hydroelectricity generation following the damming of numerous glacial lakes. A significant finding is that forests have dominated the landscape, with negligible changes in composition, and only experienced fluctuations in forest cover, influenced by both climatic and anthropogenic factors. The creation of the park (1955) and the initial restrictions on forest exploitation did not significantly affect vegetation cover or composition. Major forest expansion did not occur until several decades later, 1980, when the park was enlarged and forest exploitation was further restricted. This expansion peaked in the 1990s, coinciding with a warming trend and a decrease in fire incidence, before declining due to warmer and drier climates. This decline was coeval with the ongoing global forest dieback and may be exacerbated by the predicted global warming in this century, which could also increase fire incidence due to dead-wood accumulation. Currently, the main threats are global warming/drying, fire, and tourism intensification. Similar high-resolution paleoecological records in protected areas are globally scarce and would be capable in providing the long-term ecological scope required to properly understand forest dynamics and optimize conservation measures. Keywords: national parks; paleoecology; forest dynamics; climate change; anthropogenic impact; conservation Author: Valentí Rull, Arnau Blasco, Javier Sigro and Teresa Vegas-Vilarrúbia Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Fri Apr 19 12:25:52 2024 CEST ModDate: Fri Apr 19 12:38:43 2024 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 17 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 16547449 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- LPYGPS+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 HOCTWD+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 LSNXLI+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 CBZMEI+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 IYDCBB+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 VTLKDP+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 49 0 IAFQNP+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 77 0 DGOMHB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 89 0 DGOMHC+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 92 0 DGOMHD+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 98 0 DGOMHF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 101 0 DGOMHB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 116 0 DGOMHC+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 119 0 DGOMHD+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 125 0 DGOMHF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 128 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 138 0 DGOMHB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 156 0 DGOMHD+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 159 0 DGOMHF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 162 0 DGOMHB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 205 0 DGOMHD+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 208 0 DGOMHF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 211 0 DGOMHB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 238 0 DGOMHD+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 241 0 DGOMHF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 244 0 DGOMHB+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 268 0 DGOMHD+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 271 0 DGOMHF+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 274 0 JBTTSN+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 284 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-05-03 02:40:30 CEST RepresentationInformation: plants-13-01144.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-04-29 08:35:33 CEST Size: 16547449 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 450 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Study Area Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: General Description Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Previous Studies Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Methods Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Coring and Dating Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Pollen Analysis Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Results and Interpretation Destination: section.4 Children: Item: Title: Chronology and Sedimentation Destination: subsection.4.1 Item: Title: Vegetation Dynamics Destination: subsection.4.2 Item: Title: Discussion and Conclusions Destination: section.5 Children: Item: Title: Summary of Main Trends Destination: subsection.5.1 Item: Title: Comparisons with Other Localities and Proxies Destination: subsection.5.2 Item: Title: Conservation Insights Destination: subsection.5.3 Item: Title: References Destination: section.6 Info: Title: Last-Century Forest Dynamics in a Highland Pyrenean National Park and Implications for Conservation Author: Valentí Rull, Arnau Blasco, Javier Sigro and Teresa Vegas-Vilarrúbia Subject: Ecological records from before and after the creation of natural parks are valuable for informing conservation and management but are often unavailable. High-resolution paleoecological studies may bridge the gap and provide the required information. This paper presents a 20th-century subdecadal reconstruction of vegetation and landscape dynamics in a national park of the Pyrenean highlands. The park lands had traditionally been used for cultivation, extensive grazing, forest exploitation, and hydroelectricity generation following the damming of numerous glacial lakes. A significant finding is that forests have dominated the landscape, with negligible changes in composition, and only experienced fluctuations in forest cover, influenced by both climatic and anthropogenic factors. The creation of the park (1955) and the initial restrictions on forest exploitation did not significantly affect vegetation cover or composition. Major forest expansion did not occur until several decades later, 1980, when the park was enlarged and forest exploitation was further restricted. This expansion peaked in the 1990s, coinciding with a warming trend and a decrease in fire incidence, before declining due to warmer and drier climates. This decline was coeval with the ongoing global forest dieback and may be exacerbated by the predicted global warming in this century, which could also increase fire incidence due to dead-wood accumulation. Currently, the main threats are global warming/drying, fire, and tourism intensification. Similar high-resolution paleoecological records in protected areas are globally scarce and would be capable in providing the long-term ecological scope required to properly understand forest dynamics and optimize conservation measures. 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