970ccb162e2487daf9ecc57d7bdf6422 296763.pdf aad4d68c59e783a23f8ba5d6129345c417e1d9c0 296763.pdf 7bce25b9935e9f323cb5a0279b44ce9530df8ed8f927cca822555f230e048a15 296763.pdf Title: Multicenter PET image harmonization using generative adversarial networks Subject: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-024-06708-8 Keywords: Harmonization;Quantitative PET;Multicenter;Generative adversarial networks;Deep learning Author: David Haberl Creator: Adobe InDesign 15.1 (Windows) Producer: Adobe PDF Library 15.0 CreationDate: Mon Jun 24 07:24:21 2024 CEST ModDate: Mon Jun 24 07:44:36 2024 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 15 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 4596455 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.4 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- MyriadPro-SemiCn Type 1C WinAnsi yes no yes 531 0 MyriadPro-Semibold Type 1C Custom yes no yes 532 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 557 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular2 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 558 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular3 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 559 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular4 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 560 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular5 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 561 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular6 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 562 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular7 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 563 0 BXPFSY+Wingdings-Regular Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 566 0 MyriadPro-SemiboldSemiCn Type 1C Custom yes no yes 540 0 MyriadPro-Bold Type 1C Custom yes no yes 544 0 MCEZYV+STIX-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 545 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular8 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 546 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular9 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 547 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular10 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 564 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular11 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 556 0 GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular12 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 555 0 STXOYV+MyriadPro-SemiCn2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 631 0 TCVPMV+STIX-Italic Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 336 0 MyriadPro-BoldSemiCn Type 1C Custom yes no yes 339 0 RLNORI+STIX-Bold Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 356 0 ZIUYTV+STIXMath-Italic Type 1C Custom yes yes no 376 0 ZIUYTV+STIXMath-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 375 0 YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 377 0 YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 381 0 YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold3 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 392 0 YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold4 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 394 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-09-01 08:20:31 CEST RepresentationInformation: 296763.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-07-22 11:10:34 CEST Size: 4596455 Format: PDF Version: 1.4 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 685 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 1 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseOutlines Language: en-US Outlines: Item: Title: Multicenter PET image harmonization using generative adversarial networks Children: Item: Title: Abstract Children: Item: Title: Purpose Item: Title: Methods Item: Title: Results Item: Title: Conclusions Item: Title: Introduction Item: Title: Materials and methods Children: Item: Title: Datasets Children: Item: Title: Lung cancer Item: Title: Head and neck Item: Title: Deep learning-based PET image harmonization Item: Title: Evaluation Children: Item: Title: Image quality Item: Title: Reproducibility analysis of radiomic features Item: Title: Clinical outcome prediction Item: Title: Statistical analyses Item: Title: Results Children: Item: Title: GAN performance Item: Title: Impact on reproducibility of radiomic features Item: Title: Impact on clinical outcome prediction Item: Title: Discussion Item: Title: References Info: Title: Multicenter PET image harmonization using generative adversarial networks Author: David Haberl Subject: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-024-06708-8 Keywords: Harmonization;Quantitative PET;Multicenter;Generative adversarial networks;Deep learning Creator: Adobe InDesign 15.1 (Windows) Producer: Adobe PDF Library 15.0 CreationDate: Mon Jun 24 07:24:21 CEST 2024 ModDate: Mon Jun 24 07:44:36 CEST 2024 ID: 0x38ccc53fa314f4489d65ec050092d0da, 0xbc380f80ffe18d4aa7941c64ef8df954 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode FilterPipeline: DCTDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 248 ImageHeight: 387 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 243 ImageHeight: 387 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 249 ImageHeight: 387 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 243 ImageHeight: 387 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1769 ImageHeight: 2327 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 2032 ImageHeight: 2132 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 1736 ImageHeight: 1260 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Decode: 0, 255 Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 1265 ImageHeight: 1818 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1051 ImageHeight: 457 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1055 ImageHeight: 456 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1703 ImageHeight: 440 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1703 ImageHeight: 439 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold3 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 98 FontDescriptor: FontName: YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold3 Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -170, -228, 1003, 962 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold4 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 98 FontDescriptor: FontName: YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold4 Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -170, -228, 1003, 962 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: TCVPMV+STIX-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: TCVPMV+STIX-Italic Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -970, -305, 1429, 1023 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-SemiCn FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-SemiCn Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -128, -250, 1059, 876 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-BoldSemiCn FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-BoldSemiCn Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -133, -250, 1161, 894 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-Semibold FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-Semibold Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -161, -250, 1198, 972 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-SemiboldSemiCn FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-SemiboldSemiCn Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -131, -250, 1115, 886 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-Bold FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-Bold Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -163, -250, 1256, 989 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MCEZYV+STIX-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 26 LastChar: 252 FontDescriptor: FontName: MCEZYV+STIX-Regular Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -970, -486, 2208, 1023 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular8 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular8 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular9 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular9 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: RLNORI+STIX-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: RLNORI+STIX-Bold Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -998, -552, 2000, 1055 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular12 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular12 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular11 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular11 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular2 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular2 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular3 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular3 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular4 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular4 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular5 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular5 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular6 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular6 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular7 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular7 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: GOYKSH+STIXMathCalligraphy-Regular10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 629, 609 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: BXPFSY+Wingdings-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: BXPFSY+Wingdings-Regular Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: 0, -103, 1359, 439 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: ZIUYTV+STIXMath-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: ZIUYTV+STIXMath-Regular Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -222, 406, 710 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: ZIUYTV+STIXMath-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 30 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: ZIUYTV+STIXMath-Italic Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 0, -183, 544, 428 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true Font: BaseFont: YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 98 FontDescriptor: FontName: YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -170, -228, 1003, 962 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold2 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 98 FontDescriptor: FontName: YEFSFX+Helvetica-Bold2 Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -170, -228, 1003, 962 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding XMP: 2024-06-24T05:24:21 Adobe InDesign 15.1 (Windows) 2024-06-24T05:44:36Z 2024-06-24T05:44:36Z Adobe PDF Library 15.0 Harmonization;Quantitative PET;Multicenter;Generative adversarial networks;Deep learning False application/pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-024-06708-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-024-06708-8 Harmonization Quantitative PET Multicenter Generative adversarial networks Deep learning Multicenter PET image harmonization using generative adversarial networks David Haberl Clemens P. Spielvogel Zewen Jiang Fanny Orlhac David Iommi Ignasi Carrió Irène Buvat Alexander R. Haug Laszlo Papp 10.1007/s00259-024-06708-8 2010-04-23 true springer.com springerlink.com https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-024-06708-8 10.1007/s00259-024-06708-8 1619-7089 51 9 2532 2546 journal European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging The Author(s) 2010-04-23 true 10.1007/s00259-024-06708-8 noindex springer.com springerlink.com uuid:ecf6374f-3cbb-4adf-b410-d03642e11407 uuid:6979ca66-b0c3-4b07-bf7d-a10acad1e67b default 1 converted uuid:12c061fb-538f-4f75-9cee-7e538889bdf2 converted to PDF/A-2b pdfToolbox 2024-06-24T05:44:19Z 2 B Laszlo Papp http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9049-9989 http://ns.adobe.com/pdfx/1.3/ pdfx Adobe Document Info PDF eXtension Schema external Mirrors crossmark:MajorVersionDate CrossmarkMajorVersionDate Text external Mirrors crossmark:CrossmarkDomainExclusive CrossmarkDomainExclusive Text internal Mirrors crossmark:DOI doi Text external Mirrors crossmark:CrosMarkDomains CrossMarkDomains seq Text internal A name object indicating whether the document has been modified to include trapping information robots Text internal ID of PDF/X standard GTS_PDFXVersion Text internal Conformance level of PDF/X standard GTS_PDFXConformance Text internal Company creating the PDF Company Text internal Date when document was last modified SourceModified Text http://crossref.org/crossmark/1.0/ crossmark Crossmark Schema internal Usual same as prism:doi DOI Text external The date when a publication was publishe. MajorVersionDate Text internal CrossmarkDomainExclusive CrossmarkDomainExclusive Text internal CrossMarkDomains CrossMarkDomains seq Text http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/ prism Prism Schema external This element provides the url for an article or unit of content. The attribute platform is optionally allowed for situations in which multiple URLs must be specified. PRISM recommends that a subset of the PCV platform values, namely “mobile” and “web”, be used in conjunction with this element. NOTE: PRISM recommends against the use of the #other value allowed in the PRISM Platform controlled vocabulary. In lieu of using #other please reach out to the PRISM group at prism-wg@yahoogroups.com to request addition of your term to the Platform Controlled Vocabulary. url URI external The Digital Object Identifier for the article. The DOI may also be used as the dc:identifier. If used as a dc:identifier, the URI form should be captured, and the bare identifier should also be captured using prism:doi. If an alternate unique identifier is used as the required dc:identifier, then the DOI should be specified as a bare identifier within prism:doi only. If the URL associated with a DOI is to be specified, then prism:url may be used in conjunction with prism:doi in order to provide the service endpoint (i.e. the URL). doi Text external ISSN for an electronic version of the issue in which the resource occurs. Permits publishers to include a second ISSN, identifying an electronic version of the issue in which the resource occurs (therefore e(lectronic)Issn. If used, prism:eIssn MUST contain the ISSN of the electronic version. issn Text internal Volume number volume Text internal Issue number number Text internal Starting page startingPage Text internal Ending page endingPage Text external The aggregation type specifies the unit of aggregation for a content collection. Comment PRISM recommends that the PRISM Aggregation Type Controlled Vocabulary be used to provide values for this element. Note: PRISM recommends against the use of the #other value currently allowed in this controlled vocabulary. In lieu of using #other please reach out to the PRISM group at info@prismstandard.org to request addition of your term to the Aggregation Type Controlled Vocabulary. aggregationType Text external Title of the magazine, or other publication, in which a resource was/will be published. Typically this will be used to provide the name of the magazine an article appeared in as metadata for the article, along with information such as the article title, the publisher, volume, number, and cover date. Note: Publication name can be used to differentiate between a print magazine and the online version if the names are different such as “magazine” and “magazine.com.” publicationName Text external Copyright copyright Text http://ns.adobe.com/pdf/1.3/ pdf Adobe PDF Schema internal A name object indicating whether the document has been modified to include trapping information Trapped Text http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/mm/ xmpMM XMP Media Management Schema internal UUID based identifier for specific incarnation of a document InstanceID URI internal The common identifier for all versions and renditions of a document. DocumentID URI internal The common identifier for all versions and renditions of a document. OriginalDocumentID URI http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/ pdfaid PDF/A ID Schema internal Part of PDF/A standard part Integer internal Amendment of PDF/A standard amd Text internal Conformance level of PDF/A standard conformance Text Springer Nature ORCID Schema http://springernature.com/ns/xmpExtensions/2.0/ sn authorInfo Bag AuthorInformation external Author information: contains the name of each author and his/her ORCiD (ORCiD: Open Researcher and Contributor ID). An ORCiD is a persistent identifier (a non-proprietary alphanumeric code) to uniquely identify scientific and other academic authors. AuthorInformation http://springernature.com/ns/xmpExtensions/2.0/authorInfo/ author Specifies the types of author information: name and ORCID of an author. name Text Gives the name of an author. orcid URI Gives the ORCID of an author. Pages: Page: Label: 2532 Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 513, 726, 546, 694 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 259, 622, 271, 609 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Thumb: true Page: Label: 2533 Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 197, 684, 202, 669 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 161 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 207, 684, 212, 669 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 161 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 130, 571, 135, 556 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 161 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 140, 571, 146, 556 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 161 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 189, 496, 194, 481 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 200, 496, 206, 481 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 175, 484, 180, 469 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 186, 484, 191, 469 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 54, 421, 64, 406 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 162, 421, 172, 406 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 54, 409, 64, 394 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 124, 384, 134, 369 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 139, 384, 149, 369 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 110, 134, 120, 119 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 125, 134, 136, 119 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 309, 423, 319, 408 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 502, 235, 513, 220 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 345, 135, 355, 120 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 361, 135, 371, 120 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2534 Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 174, 724, 184, 709 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 223, 636, 233, 621 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 110, 499, 115, 484 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 24 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 512, 724, 522, 709 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 408, 611, 413, 596 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 37 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 461, 574, 472, 559 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 481, 386, 486, 371 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 24 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 531, 361, 541, 346 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 306, 349, 316, 334 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2535 Sequence: 4 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 382, 249, 392, 234 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2536 Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 193, 711, 204, 696 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 255, 649, 265, 634 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 54, 549, 64, 534 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 69, 549, 79, 534 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 186, 511, 196, 496 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 202, 511, 213, 496 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 170, 324, 181, 309 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 71, 261, 82, 246 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 256, 149, 266, 134 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 391, 349, 396, 334 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 77 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 484, 349, 489, 334 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 85 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 352, 324, 358, 309 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 77 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 328, 311, 333, 296 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 77 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 348, 224, 353, 209 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 85 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 402, 149, 407, 134 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 92 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 356, 99, 361, 84 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 92 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2537 Sequence: 6 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2538 Sequence: 7 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 109, 109, 114, 94 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 108 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2539 Sequence: 8 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 69, 198, 74, 183 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 144, 161, 149, 145 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 211, 148, 216, 133 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 136 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 270, 86, 276, 70 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 151 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 352, 236, 357, 220 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 151 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2540 Sequence: 9 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 519, 174, 525, 159 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 85 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2541 Sequence: 10 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 128, 110, 138, 95 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 144, 110, 154, 95 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 428, 436, 439, 421 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 470, 424, 480, 409 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 486, 424, 496, 409 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 502, 424, 512, 409 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 376, 211, 387, 196 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 392, 211, 403, 196 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 494, 174, 504, 159 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 368, 99, 378, 84 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2542 Sequence: 11 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 209, 224, 220, 209 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 222, 199, 232, 184 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 106, 149, 116, 134 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 383, 261, 393, 246 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 99, 334, 84 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2543 Sequence: 12 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 137, 474, 147, 459 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 377, 624, 387, 609 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 194 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 309, 511, 319, 496 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 531, 511, 541, 496 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 306, 499, 316, 484 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 535, 286, 540, 271 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 24 Thumb: true Page: Label: 2544 Sequence: 13 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 172, 711, 183, 696 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 241, 436, 251, 421 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 136, 267, 287, 254 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 226, 147, 289, 134 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 51, 137, 106, 124 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 135, 127, 289, 114 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 51, 117, 63, 104 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 446, 726, 544, 713 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 306, 716, 354, 703 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 392, 428, 542, 415 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 520, 324, 544, 311 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 314, 481, 301 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 264, 544, 251 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 254, 331, 241 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 214, 544, 201 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 204, 331, 191 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 345, 154, 544, 141 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 144, 363, 131 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 462, 94, 544, 81 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Thumb: true Page: Label: 2545 Sequence: 14 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 736, 225, 723 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 190, 666, 289, 653 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 656, 159, 643 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 124, 606, 289, 593 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 596, 138, 583 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 107, 546, 289, 533 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 536, 94, 523 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 128, 496, 289, 483 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 486, 90, 473 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 436, 289, 423 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 426, 89, 413 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 187, 386, 289, 373 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 376, 209, 363 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 90, 336, 289, 323 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 326, 108, 313 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 226, 286, 289, 273 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 276, 166, 263 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 226, 242, 213 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 190, 176, 289, 163 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 166, 206, 153 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 245, 126, 289, 113 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 116, 186, 103 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 736, 507, 723 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 432, 686, 544, 673 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 676, 463, 663 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 381, 636, 544, 623 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 626, 347, 613 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 494, 596, 544, 583 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 586, 405, 573 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 361, 546, 544, 533 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 536, 327, 523 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 382, 506, 494, 493 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 505, 466, 544, 453 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 456, 455, 443 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 364, 416, 544, 403 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 406, 376, 393 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 366, 468, 353 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 383, 326, 544, 313 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 316, 544, 303 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 306, 333, 293 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 373, 276, 544, 263 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 266, 333, 253 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 420, 236, 544, 223 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 226, 445, 213 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 475, 196, 544, 183 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 186, 432, 173 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 360, 126, 544, 113 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 116, 396, 103 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Thumb: true Page: Label: 2546 Sequence: 15 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 233, 736, 289, 723 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 726, 200, 713 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 198, 696, 289, 683 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 686, 189, 673 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 250, 656, 289, 643 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 646, 252, 633 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 122, 596, 289, 583 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 586, 119, 573 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 184, 546, 289, 533 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 536, 170, 523 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 190, 496, 289, 483 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 486, 152, 473 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 206, 446, 289, 433 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 436, 156, 423 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 251, 396, 289, 383 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 386, 207, 373 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 248, 346, 289, 333 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 68, 336, 232, 323 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 706, 544, 693 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 696, 335, 683 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 476, 676, 544, 663 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 666, 425, 653 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 626, 507, 613 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 479, 576, 544, 563 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 566, 436, 553 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 343, 516, 497, 503 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 379, 466, 544, 453 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 456, 391, 443 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 361, 426, 544, 413 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 416, 326, 403 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Thumb: true Checksum: d32ce491 Type: CRC32 Checksum: 970ccb162e2487daf9ecc57d7bdf6422 Type: MD5 Checksum: aad4d68c59e783a23f8ba5d6129345c417e1d9c0 Type: SHA-1 Checksum: 7bce25b9935e9f323cb5a0279b44ce9530df8ed8f927cca822555f230e048a15 Type: SHA-256