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The probiotic intake was associated with a progressive decrease of conjugated BAs in serum, due to the reduction of tauro- and glyco-conjugated forms. Plasma levels of fibroblast growth factor-19 were significantly reduced and correlated with BA changes. The probiotic induced significant changes in serum lipids, with reduction in non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDLc) and LDL cholesterol (L Keywords: Small LDL; LDL oxidative capacity; ApoB; Microbiota; Bile acid deconjugation Author: Teresa Padro Creator: Servigistics Arbortext Advanced Print Publisher 11.1.4546/W-x64 Producer: PDFlib+PDI 9.0.7p3 (C++/Win64) CreationDate: Tue May 28 03:06:51 2024 CEST ModDate: Wed May 29 13:53:19 2024 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: yes UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: AcroForm JavaScript: no Pages: 15 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 793.701 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 1000607 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.6 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- SVQNEQ+GillSansNova-Book CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 1237 0 ULGJZR+GillSansNova-BoldItalic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 1240 0 BOAAJV+GillSansNova-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 1243 0 JRQTDU+GillSansNova-BookItalic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 1246 0 UUGCMD+GillSansNova-Heavy CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 1249 0 IUHTAV+STIXGeneral-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1252 0 UGUDFX+TimesNewRomanPSMT CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 152 0 LTUMVB+TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 260 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-09-14 03:07:20 CEST RepresentationInformation: 298703.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-09-13 13:51:46 CEST Size: 1000607 Format: PDF Version: 1.6 Status: Well-Formed, but not valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff7' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff2' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff3' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff6' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff4' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff5' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-149 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff5' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 988860 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff7' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 988860 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff2' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 988860 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff6' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 988860 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff4' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 988860 ErrorMessage: edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf.PdfInvalidException: Invalid indirect destination - referenced object 'affcvae061-aff3' cannot be found ID: PDF-HUL-122 Offset: 988860 MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF, Tagged PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 0 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: true NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: OneColumn PageMode: UseOutlines Language: en Outlines: Item: Title: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains KABP011, KABP012, and KABP013 modulate bile acids and cholesterol metabolism in humans Destination: head1 Children: Item: Title: 1. Introduction Destination: seccvae061-s0 Item: Title: 2. Methods Destination: seccvae061-s1 Children: Item: Title: 2.1 Subjects Destination: seccvae061-s1.1 Item: Title: 2.2 Study design Destination: seccvae061-s1.2 Item: Title: 2.3 Biological samples Destination: seccvae061-s1.3 Item: Title: 2.4 Anthropometric data, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, and other biochemical measurements Destination: seccvae061-s1.4 Item: Title: 2.5 Analysis of BA profile in serum and faeces Destination: seccvae061-s1.5 Item: Title: 2.6 Metabolic profile of lipoproteins, glycoproteins, lipids, and low molecular weight metabolites by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance Destination: seccvae061-s1.6 Item: Title: 2.7 Lipoprotein functionality Destination: seccvae061-s1.7 Item: Title: 2.8 Immunoassays Destination: seccvae061-s1.8 Item: Title: 2.9 Trimethylamine N-oxide Destination: seccvae061-s1.9 Item: Title: 2.10 Microbiota analysis Destination: seccvae061-s1.10 Item: Title: 2.11 Characterization of BSH activity of AB-LIFE strains Destination: seccvae061-s1.11 Item: Title: 2.12 Statistical analysis Destination: seccvae061-s1.12 Item: Title: 3. Results Destination: seccvae061-s2 Children: Item: Title: 3.1 Clinical and biochemical characteristics at baseline and after probiotic intervention Destination: seccvae061-s2.1 Item: Title: 3.2 Effects of the probiotic intervention on BAs Destination: seccvae061-s2.2 Item: Title: 3.3 Effects of the probiotic intervention on FGF-19 plasma levels Destination: seccvae061-s2.3 Item: Title: 3.4 Effects of the 4-week probiotic intervention on serum lipid profile Destination: seccvae061-s2.4 Item: Title: 3.5 Differences in the response to the probiotic in relation to the background LDLc level Destination: seccvae061-s2.5 Item: Title: 3.6 Effects of the probiotic intervention on the composition, diameter, and quantity of serum lipoproteins Destination: seccvae061-s2.6 Item: Title: 3.7 Effects of the probiotic intervention on lipoprotein functionality Destination: seccvae061-s2.7 Item: Title: 3.8 Effects of the probiotic intervention on glucose metabolism markers and insulin sensitivity index Destination: seccvae061-s2.8 Item: Title: 3.9 Effects of the probiotic intervention on inflammatory markers Destination: seccvae061-s2.9 Item: Title: 3.10 Effects of probiotic on thyroid hormones and TMAO levels Destination: seccvae061-s2.10 Item: Title: 3.11 Effects of the probiotic on SCFA and LMWM in faeces Destination: seccvae061-s2.11 Item: Title: 3.12 Effects of the probiotic on the gut microbiota composition Destination: seccvae061-s2.12 Item: Title: 4. Discussion Destination: seccvae061-s3 Item: Title: Supplementary material Destination: seccvae061-s4 Item: Title: Acknowledgements Destination: acknow Item: Title: Conflict of interest Destination: seccvae061-s5 Item: Title: Funding Destination: seccvae061-s6 Item: Title: Data availability Destination: seccvae061-s7 Item: Title: References Destination: reflist Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode FilterPipeline: DCTDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1000 ImageHeight: 985 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1166 ImageHeight: 1467 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1000 ImageHeight: 752 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 633 ImageHeight: 605 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1166 ImageHeight: 1191 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 933 ImageHeight: 1118 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1000 ImageHeight: 1300 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1000 ImageHeight: 869 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Fonts: Type0: Font: BaseFont: UUGCMD+GillSansNova-Heavy Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: LTUMVB+TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: SVQNEQ+GillSansNova-Book Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: ULGJZR+GillSansNova-BoldItalic Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: UGUDFX+TimesNewRomanPSMT Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: BOAAJV+GillSansNova-Bold Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: JRQTDU+GillSansNova-BookItalic Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Type1: Font: BaseFont: IUHTAV+STIXGeneral-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 8 FontDescriptor: FontName: IUHTAV+STIXGeneral-Regular Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -995, -455, 2000, 1055 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true CIDFontType2: Font: BaseFont: UUGCMD+GillSansNova-Heavy CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: UUGCMD+GillSansNova-Heavy Flags: Nonsymbolic, ForceBold FontBBox: -504, -287, 1375, 966 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: SVQNEQ+GillSansNova-Book CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: SVQNEQ+GillSansNova-Book Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -420, -251, 1219, 950 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: ULGJZR+GillSansNova-BoldItalic CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: ULGJZR+GillSansNova-BoldItalic Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic, ForceBold FontBBox: -404, -250, 1219, 960 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: UGUDFX+TimesNewRomanPSMT CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: UGUDFX+TimesNewRomanPSMT Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -568, -307, 2046, 1040 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: BOAAJV+GillSansNova-Bold CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: BOAAJV+GillSansNova-Bold Flags: Nonsymbolic, ForceBold FontBBox: -476, -276, 1276, 961 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: LTUMVB+TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: LTUMVB+TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -498, -307, 1333, 1023 FontFile2: true Font: BaseFont: JRQTDU+GillSansNova-BookItalic CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: JRQTDU+GillSansNova-BookItalic Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -316, -235, 1219, 950 FontFile2: true XMP: uuid:44178acb-1e70-4df3-a2ab-cae0ecde6fbb uuid:441796ED-DC2B-A431-0F91-29245F23A241 True Small LDL; LDL oxidative capacity; ApoB; Microbiota; Bile acid deconjugation PDFlib+PDI 9.0.7p3 (C++/Win64) application/pdf 10.1093/cvr/cvae061 en Oxford University Press Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains KABP011, KABP012, and KABP013 modulate bile acids and cholesterol metabolism in humans Teresa Padro Victoria Santisteban Pol Huedo Montserrat Puntes Meritxell Aguiló Jordi Espadaler-Mazo Lina Badimon DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae061; Cardiovascular Research, 120, 7, 2024-03-25.; Abstract: Aims: Probiotics with high bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity have shown to promote cardiovascular health. However, their mechanism(s) of action remain poorly understood. Here, we performed a pilot exploratory study to investigate effects of a 4-week intervention with escalating doses of a BSH-active formula containing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains KABP011, KABP012, and KABP013 on bile acid (BA), lipid profile, and lipoprotein function. Methods and results: Healthy overweight individuals were included in this study. The probiotic intake was associated with a progressive decrease of conjugated BAs in serum, due to the reduction of tauro- and glyco-conjugated forms. Plasma levels of fibroblast growth factor-19 were significantly reduced and correlated with BA changes. The probiotic induced significant changes in serum lipids, with reduction in non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDLc) and LDL cholesterol (L © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. Small LDL LDL oxidative capacity ApoB Microbiota Bile acid deconjugation Journal Cardiovascular Research © The Author(s) 2024. 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