22d8d779c461952e546b6a5a3369ec6c applsci-14-05118-v3.pdf 638af0f58bce9862e9879484552f670d25770202 applsci-14-05118-v3.pdf e00c0c9cd0a6ee264c7c9623f38025349ed6e7d7edc3b71c37f6d4050428bd41 applsci-14-05118-v3.pdf Title: Analysis of the Image Magnification Produced by Inline Holographic Systems Based on the Double-Sideband Filter Subject: In-line digital holography is a powerful tool widely used for microscopic object imaging. Usually, in-line and out-line configurations are used to implement holographic systems, but in-line-based set-ups are preferable as they are less sensitive to mechanical vibrations and refraction index variations. However, non-desired blurred conjugate images are superposed to the reconstructed object image by using in-line systems. One strategy to remove the conjugate image contribution is to include a double-sideband filter at the Fourier plane of the system. After using the filter, data obtained at the CCD are processed to retrieve the magnitude and phase (hologram) of the diffracted wavefront while removing the conjugated image. Afterwards, a diffraction integral equation is used to digitally propagate the hologram. Despite the above-mentioned factors, there is not a thorough analysis in the literature of magnification parameters associated with the final reconstructed image, this aspect being crucial for the experimental application of the above-stated approach. Under this scenario, a theoretical analysis of the longitudinal and transverse magnifications of the reconstructed images is provided in this work. The method is validated through the simulation and experimental results of different microscopic objects: glass microspheres, a micrometric reticle, and a resolution test chart USAF 1951. The obtained results provide that the combination of magnification relations with methods for hologram propagation and optimal focused image identification is effective for object position determination. This approach could be useful for 3D microparticle localization and monitoring with optimized magnification within real-time applications. Keywords: digital holography; in-line interferometer; double-sideband filter; image reconstruction; transverse magnification; longitudinal magnification Author: Claudio Ramírez, Irene Estévez, Ángel Lizana, Juan Campos and Luisa García-Canseco Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Thu Jun 20 04:00:24 2024 CEST ModDate: Thu Jun 20 04:04:34 2024 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 17 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 7289920 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- ULTSPI+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 LRLYLF+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 OSQGKZ+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 LJGRML+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 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2023-05-18) Date: 2024-09-01 08:19:44 CEST RepresentationInformation: applsci-14-05118-v3.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-07-18 11:44:18 CEST Size: 7289920 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 675 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Theory Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: The Magnifications ML and MT of the Images in the In-Line Interferometer Destination: subsection.2.1 Children: Item: Title: Registration of the Superimposed Wavefronts Destination: subsubsection.2.1.1 Item: Title: Image Reconstruction Destination: subsubsection.2.1.2 Item: Title: Wavefront Propagation Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Simulation Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Simulation Results Destination: subsection.3.1 Children: Item: Title: Resolution Test USAF 1951 Destination: subsubsection.3.1.1 Item: Title: Microspheres Destination: subsubsection.3.1.2 Item: Title: Experimental Validation Destination: section.4 Children: Item: Title: Experimental Results Destination: subsection.4.1 Children: Item: Title: Resolution Test USAF 1951 Destination: subsubsection.4.1.1 Item: Title: Glass Microspheres Destination: subsubsection.4.1.2 Item: Title: Discussion and Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: appendix.A. Info: Title: Analysis of the Image Magnification Produced by Inline Holographic Systems Based on the Double-Sideband Filter Author: Claudio Ramírez, Irene Estévez, Ángel Lizana, Juan Campos and Luisa García-Canseco Subject: In-line digital holography is a powerful tool widely used for microscopic object imaging. Usually, in-line and out-line configurations are used to implement holographic systems, but in-line-based set-ups are preferable as they are less sensitive to mechanical vibrations and refraction index variations. However, non-desired blurred conjugate images are superposed to the reconstructed object image by using in-line systems. One strategy to remove the conjugate image contribution is to include a double-sideband filter at the Fourier plane of the system. After using the filter, data obtained at the CCD are processed to retrieve the magnitude and phase (hologram) of the diffracted wavefront while removing the conjugated image. Afterwards, a diffraction integral equation is used to digitally propagate the hologram. Despite the above-mentioned factors, there is not a thorough analysis in the literature of magnification parameters associated with the final reconstructed image, this aspect being crucial for the experimental application of the above-stated approach. Under this scenario, a theoretical analysis of the longitudinal and transverse magnifications of the reconstructed images is provided in this work. The method is validated through the simulation and experimental results of different microscopic objects: glass microspheres, a micrometric reticle, and a resolution test chart USAF 1951. The obtained results provide that the combination of magnification relations with methods for hologram propagation and optimal focused image identification is effective for object position determination. This approach could be useful for 3D microparticle localization and monitoring with optimized magnification within real-time applications. 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