896bcc8a8d50ca7bebaa4b28f6fcf30b chemosensors-12-00173.pdf 491a41752d8d052e8067b804a77a564f646ee19d chemosensors-12-00173.pdf f3f60a9973ec831a56daa3713241b79988dfb0c6b72769a20629c966c42cdb44 chemosensors-12-00173.pdf Title: Resolution of Glycerol, Ethanol and Methanol Employing a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue Subject: This paper reports the use of nanoparticles (NPs)-modified voltammetric sensors for the rapid determination of glycerol in the presence of ethanol and methanol, which are used in the transesterification reaction of biodiesel production. Two different modified electrodes have been prepared to form the electronic tongue (ET): copper hexacyanoferrate NPs obtained by chemical synthesis and mixed into graphite/epoxy (GEC) electrode, and nickel hydroxide NPs electrodeposited in reduced graphene oxide onto a GEC electrode. The response characteristics of these electrodes were first evaluated by building the respective calibration against glycerol, ethanol, and methanol. The electrodes demonstrated good stability during their analytical characterization, while principal component analysis confirmed the differentiated response against the different alcohols. Finally, the quantification of mixtures of these substances was achieved by a genetic algorithm-artificial neural networks (GA-ANNs) model, showing satisfactory agreement between expected and obtained values. Keywords: electronic tongue; nanoparticles modifiers; glycerol; biodiesel; artificial neural networks Author: João Pedro Jenson de Oliveira, Marta Bonet-San-Emeterio, Acelino Cardoso de Sá, Xavier Cetó, Leonardo Lataro Paim and Manel del Valle Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Sun Sep 1 11:53:09 2024 CEST ModDate: Sun Sep 1 11:58:50 2024 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 5052852 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- AVFTGU+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 LMYDGV+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 JVFCEQ+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 ELYQON+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 CRNDTI+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 32 0 VJAUGW+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 37 0 QOQMCA+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 53 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 76 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 92 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 98 0 FPIHSZ+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 104 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 124 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 130 0 FPIHSZ+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 136 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 156 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 162 0 FPIHSZ+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 168 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 194 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 200 0 FPIHSZ+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 206 0 JBHCHO+MSAM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 227 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 237 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 243 0 FPCFHO+Arial CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 249 0 FPSEJP+SegoeUISymbol CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 255 0 FPIHSZ+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 261 0 XIRVNA+EURB10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 280 0 RAMSXI+wasy9 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 288 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 298 0 FPFXNA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 304 0 FPCFHO+Arial CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 310 0 FPIHSZ+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 316 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-11-07 02:45:09 CET RepresentationInformation: chemosensors-12-00173.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-10-08 14:29:02 CEST Size: 5052852 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 477 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Chemicals and Reagents Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Apparatus and Measurements Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Electrodes Preparation Destination: subsection.2.3 Children: Item: Title: Graphene Synthesis Destination: subsubsection.2.3.1 Item: Title: Copper NPs Synthesis Destination: subsubsection.2.3.2 Item: Title: Preparation of GECs Destination: subsubsection.2.3.3 Item: Title: Preparation of Modified GECs Destination: subsubsection.2.3.4 Item: Title: Characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Samples Preparation Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Data Processing Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Characterization of GEC/Metal NPs-Modified Electrodes Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Voltammetric Responses of the Electrodes Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: ANN Model Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: appendix.A. Info: Title: Resolution of Glycerol, Ethanol and Methanol Employing a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue Author: João Pedro Jenson de Oliveira, Marta Bonet-San-Emeterio, Acelino Cardoso de Sá, Xavier Cetó, Leonardo Lataro Paim and Manel del Valle Subject: This paper reports the use of nanoparticles (NPs)-modified voltammetric sensors for the rapid determination of glycerol in the presence of ethanol and methanol, which are used in the transesterification reaction of biodiesel production. Two different modified electrodes have been prepared to form the electronic tongue (ET): copper hexacyanoferrate NPs obtained by chemical synthesis and mixed into graphite/epoxy (GEC) electrode, and nickel hydroxide NPs electrodeposited in reduced graphene oxide onto a GEC electrode. The response characteristics of these electrodes were first evaluated by building the respective calibration against glycerol, ethanol, and methanol. The electrodes demonstrated good stability during their analytical characterization, while principal component analysis confirmed the differentiated response against the different alcohols. Finally, the quantification of mixtures of these substances was achieved by a genetic algorithm-artificial neural networks (GA-ANNs) model, showing satisfactory agreement between expected and obtained values. 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