1c43d69fa4fcccaa3f2548c5a0b5b861 kiad564.pdf d29a2642bf39ed44c78133cb6d77c19f51da104a kiad564.pdf b07bce6a19ad87dd1aad6c73476f06934db30b0bc123c22c5ff697cddfe5626c kiad564.pdf Title: Conserved cobalamin acquisition protein 1 is essential for vitamin B12 uptake in both Chlamydomonas and Phaeodactylum Subject: DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad564; Plant Physiology, 194, 2, 2023-10-21.; Abstract: Microalgae play an essential role in global net primary productivity and global biogeochemical cycling. Despite their phototrophic lifestyle, over half of algal species depend for growth on acquiring an external supply of the corrinoid vitamin B12 (cobalamin), a micronutrient produced only by a subset of prokaryotic organisms. Previous studies have identified protein components involved in vitamin B12 uptake in bacterial species and humans. However, little is known about its uptake in algae. Here, we demonstrate the essential role of a protein, cobalamin acquisition protein 1 (CBA1), in B12 uptake in Phaeodactylum tricornutum using CRISPR-Cas9 to generate targeted knockouts and in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by insertional mutagenesis. In both cases, CBA1 knockout lines could not take up exogenous vitamin B12. Complementation of the C. reinhardtii mutants with the wild-type CBA1 gene restored B12 uptake, and regulation of CBA1 expression via a riboswitch element enabled control of the phenotype. When visualized by confocal microscopy, a YFP-fusion with C. reinhardtii CBA1 showed association with membranes. Bioinformatics analysis found that CBA1-like sequences are present in all major eukaryotic phyla. In algal taxa, the majority that encoded CBA1 also had genes for B12-dependent enzymes, suggesting CBA1 plays a conserved role. Our results thus provide insight into the molecular basis of algal B12 acquisition, a process that likely underpins many interactions in aquatic microbial communities. Keywords: Author: Andrew P. Sayer Creator: Servigistics Arbortext Advanced Print Publisher 11.1.4546/W-x64 Producer: PDFlib+PDI 9.0.7p3 (C++/Win64); modified using iTextSharp 4.1.6 by 1T3XT CreationDate: Tue Jan 23 17:50:55 2024 CET ModDate: Wed Feb 21 13:29:26 2024 CET Tagged: yes UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: AcroForm JavaScript: no Pages: 17 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 782.362 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 2680486 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.6 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- IQCXPP+CronosPro-Italic Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 43 0 VRUPNC+CronosPro-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 44 0 RDHDID+CronosPro-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 45 0 KHWPHU+CronosPro-SemiboldIt Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 46 0 NOZYQE+CronosPro-Semibold Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 47 0 BIEEDS+ArialMT TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 1 0 EDYJOW+STIXGeneral-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 42 0 PCOJSI+TimesNewRomanPSMT CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 88 0 Helvetica-Bold Type 1 Custom no no no 227 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-03-01 02:35:11 CET RepresentationInformation: kiad564.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-02-29 01:34:53 CET Size: 2680486 Format: PDF Version: 1.6 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Tagged PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 1232 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: true NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: OneColumn PageMode: UseOutlines Language: en Outlines: Item: Title: Conserved cobalamin acquisition protein 1 is essential for vitamin B12 uptake in both Chlamydomonas and Phaeodactylum Destination: head1 Children: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: seckiad564-s0 Item: Title: Results Destination: seckiad564-s1 Children: Item: Title: P. tricornutum CBA1 knockout lines do not take up B12 Destination: seckiad564-s1.1 Item: Title: Insertional mutagenesis identified the C. reinhardtii homologue of CBA1 Destination: seckiad564-s1.2 Item: Title: CrCBA1 CLiP mutant is unable to take up B12 and is complemented by the WT CrCBA1 gene Destination: seckiad564-s1.3 Item: Title: CrCBA1 shows an association with membranes and is highly upregulated under B12-deprivation Destination: seckiad564-s1.4 Item: Title: Widespread distribution of CBA1 in algae Destination: seckiad564-s1.5 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: seckiad564-s2 Item: Title: Materials and methods Destination: seckiad564-s3 Children: Item: Title: Organisms and growth conditions Destination: seckiad564-s3.1 Item: Title: Algal B12-uptake assay Destination: seckiad564-s3.2 Item: Title: Generating P. tricornutum CBA1 knockout lines using CRISPR-Cas9 Destination: seckiad564-s3.3 Item: Title: Construct assembly and C. reinhardtii transformation Destination: seckiad564-s3.4 Item: Title: Confocal laser scanning microscopy Destination: seckiad564-s3.5 Item: Title: Reverse transcription quantitative PCR Destination: seckiad564-s3.6 Item: Title: Whole genome sequencing Destination: seckiad564-s3.7 Item: Title: Bioinformatics pipeline Destination: seckiad564-s3.8 Item: Title: Accession numbers Destination: seckiad564-s4 Item: Title: Acknowledgments Destination: acknow Item: Title: Author contributions Destination: seckiad564-s5 Item: Title: Supplemental data Destination: seckiad564-s6 Item: Title: Funding Destination: seckiad564-s7 Item: Title: References Destination: reflist Info: Title: Conserved cobalamin acquisition protein 1 is essential for vitamin B12 uptake in both Chlamydomonas and Phaeodactylum Author: Andrew P. Sayer Subject: DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad564; Plant Physiology, 194, 2, 2023-10-21.; Abstract: Microalgae play an essential role in global net primary productivity and global biogeochemical cycling. Despite their phototrophic lifestyle, over half of algal species depend for growth on acquiring an external supply of the corrinoid vitamin B12 (cobalamin), a micronutrient produced only by a subset of prokaryotic organisms. Previous studies have identified protein components involved in vitamin B12 uptake in bacterial species and humans. However, little is known about its uptake in algae. Here, we demonstrate the essential role of a protein, cobalamin acquisition protein 1 (CBA1), in B12 uptake in Phaeodactylum tricornutum using CRISPR-Cas9 to generate targeted knockouts and in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by insertional mutagenesis. In both cases, CBA1 knockout lines could not take up exogenous vitamin B12. Complementation of the C. reinhardtii mutants with the wild-type CBA1 gene restored B12 uptake, and regulation of CBA1 expression via a riboswitch element enabled control of the phenotype. When visualized by confocal microscopy, a YFP-fusion with C. reinhardtii CBA1 showed association with membranes. Bioinformatics analysis found that CBA1-like sequences are present in all major eukaryotic phyla. In algal taxa, the majority that encoded CBA1 also had genes for B12-dependent enzymes, suggesting CBA1 plays a conserved role. Our results thus provide insight into the molecular basis of algal B12 acquisition, a process that likely underpins many interactions in aquatic microbial communities. Keywords: Creator: Servigistics Arbortext Advanced Print Publisher 11.1.4546/W-x64 Producer: PDFlib+PDI 9.0.7p3 (C++/Win64); modified using iTextSharp 4.1.6 by 1T3XT CreationDate: Tue Jan 23 18:20:55 CET 2024 ModDate: Wed Feb 21 13:29:26 CET 2024 ID: 0xb29c6e4553fd80e4f66f76da76d27d9f, 0xf0954af276f83d19bc24ea2c86cc1d88 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode FilterPipeline: DCTDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1413 ImageHeight: 180 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1271 ImageHeight: 962 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 650 ImageHeight: 1032 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 650 ImageHeight: 1387 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1266 ImageHeight: 1031 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1266 ImageHeight: 729 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1000 ImageHeight: 1460 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1266 ImageHeight: 1124 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Fonts: Type0: Font: BaseFont: PCOJSI+TimesNewRomanPSMT Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Type1: Font: BaseFont: EDYJOW+STIXGeneral-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 8 FontDescriptor: FontName: EDYJOW+STIXGeneral-Regular Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -995, -455, 2000, 1055 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: IQCXPP+CronosPro-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 57 FontDescriptor: FontName: IQCXPP+CronosPro-Italic Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -191, -281, 1129, 880 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: VRUPNC+CronosPro-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 78 FontDescriptor: FontName: VRUPNC+CronosPro-Bold Flags: Nonsymbolic, ForceBold FontBBox: -187, -295, 1137, 885 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: RDHDID+CronosPro-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 98 FontDescriptor: FontName: RDHDID+CronosPro-Regular Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -179, -270, 1129, 886 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: KHWPHU+CronosPro-SemiboldIt FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 31 FontDescriptor: FontName: KHWPHU+CronosPro-SemiboldIt Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -190, -303, 1135, 884 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: NOZYQE+CronosPro-Semibold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 67 FontDescriptor: FontName: NOZYQE+CronosPro-Semibold Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -185, -287, 1135, 885 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true TrueType: Font: BaseFont: BIEEDS+ArialMT FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 121 FontDescriptor: FontName: BIEEDS+ArialMT Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -664, -324, 2000, 1039 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding CIDFontType2: Font: BaseFont: PCOJSI+TimesNewRomanPSMT CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: PCOJSI+TimesNewRomanPSMT Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -568, -307, 2046, 1040 FontFile2: true XMP: uuid:dc046eb6-34fd-4f33-aa33-c67d4512b64d uuid:C7DA933E-FE56-8443-2D27-6D92786BA5A5 True PDFlib+PDI 9.0.7p3 (C++/Win64); modified using iTextSharp 4.1.6 by 1T3XT application/pdf 10.1093/plphys/kiad564 en Oxford University Press Conserved cobalamin acquisition protein 1 is essential for vitamin B12 uptake in both Chlamydomonas and Phaeodactylum Andrew P. Sayer Marcel Llavero-Pasquina Katrin Geisler Andre Holzer Freddy Bunbury Gonzalo I. Mendoza-Ochoa Andrew D. Lawrence Martin J. Warren Payam Mehrshahi Alison G. Smith DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad564; Plant Physiology, 194, 2, 2023-10-21.; Abstract: Microalgae play an essential role in global net primary productivity and global biogeochemical cycling. Despite their phototrophic lifestyle, over half of algal species depend for growth on acquiring an external supply of the corrinoid vitamin B12 (cobalamin), a micronutrient produced only by a subset of prokaryotic organisms. Previous studies have identified protein components involved in vitamin B12 uptake in bacterial species and humans. However, little is known about its uptake in algae. Here, we demonstrate the essential role of a protein, cobalamin acquisition protein 1 (CBA1), in B12 uptake in Phaeodactylum tricornutum using CRISPR-Cas9 to generate targeted knockouts and in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by insertional mutagenesis. In both cases, CBA1 knockout lines could not take up exogenous vitamin B12. Complementation of the C. reinhardtii mutants with the wild-type CBA1 gene restored B12 uptake, and regulation of CBA1 expression via a riboswitch element enabled control of the phenotype. When visualized by confocal microscopy, a YFP-fusion with C. reinhardtii CBA1 showed association with membranes. Bioinformatics analysis found that CBA1-like sequences are present in all major eukaryotic phyla. In algal taxa, the majority that encoded CBA1 also had genes for B12-dependent enzymes, suggesting CBA1 plays a conserved role. Our results thus provide insight into the molecular basis of algal B12 acquisition, a process that likely underpins many interactions in aquatic microbial communities. © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society of Plant Biologists. Journal Plant Physiology © The Author(s) 2023. 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