5a4505fdecf8dbbbc21144ff7abdf9da FOO_a2024v13p952.pdf df6410aee9a1f1fa4a5b8498592734abb6f00206 FOO_a2024v13p952.pdf 19b62a95cb7cc8c56e1ff10ba5bd9b81ac57fc03b60ecda3fbebca5673dda92b FOO_a2024v13p952.pdf Title: Screening Traditional Foods for the Prevention of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88ac (F4ac) Attachment to IPEC-J2 Cells Subject: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the major diarrhoea-causing pathogen world-wide. Fimbria–receptor recognition is the primary step when attachment of ETEC to the intestine occurs. This study aims to evaluate the potential of some traditional foods, particularly those rich in -glucans, as analogues for fimbriae or receptors in reducing ETEC colonisation. The adhesion test (AT) demonstrated that aqueous extracts of highland barley (EHB), black rice (EBR) and little millet (ELT) at concentrations of 2% and 1% could attach to more ETEC K88ac (p < 0.001), as well as aqueous extracts of shiitake (EST) (p < 0.01). The competition test (CT) revealed that EHB and EST significantly prevented ETEC K88ac from adhering to intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) at 2% (p < 0.01) and 1% (p < 0.05). In the Exclusion Test (ET) and the displacement test (DT), the food samples were unable to impair ETEC colonisation in terms of blocking receptors or removing attached pathogens. These results demonstrate how some traditional foods such as highland barley and shiitake contain bioactive compounds that interfere with the attachment of ETEC to the intestinal epithelium, and their potential in the prevention and treatment of ETEC diarrhoea. Keywords: highland barley; shiitake; ETEC K88ac; adhesion; intestine Author: Yanan Zhu, Changyan Shao and Susana María Martín-Orúe Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Thu Mar 21 06:52:21 2024 CET ModDate: Thu Mar 21 06:54:53 2024 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 9 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 270466 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- LPYGPS+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 CAMXTK+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 16 0 FZYGHF+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 21 0 GICVZM+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 XXURZT+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 FITTYC+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 37 0 CHGVYS+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 42 0 XBNVAE+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 58 0 LBOBSV+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 75 0 APVWBW+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 95 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-12-17 02:58:16 CET RepresentationInformation: FOO_a2024v13p952.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-12-16 11:34:00 CET Size: 270466 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 229 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Food Ingredients and Analytical Procedures Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Escherichia coli Strains Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Cell Culture Growth Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Adhesion Test Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Miniaturised Assays with IPEC-J2 Cells Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Calculations and Statistical Analyses Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.6 Info: Title: Screening Traditional Foods for the Prevention of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88ac (F4ac) Attachment to IPEC-J2 Cells Author: Yanan Zhu, Changyan Shao and Susana María Martín-Orúe Subject: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the major diarrhoea-causing pathogen world-wide. Fimbria receptor recognition is the primary step when attachment of ETEC to the intestine occurs. This study aims to evaluate the potential of some traditional foods, particularly those rich in -glucans, as analogues for fimbriae or receptors in reducing ETEC colonisation. The adhesion test (AT) demonstrated that aqueous extracts of highland barley (EHB), black rice (EBR) and little millet (ELT) at concentrations of 2% and 1% could attach to more ETEC K88ac (p < 0.001), as well as aqueous extracts of shiitake (EST) (p < 0.01). The competition test (CT) revealed that EHB and EST significantly prevented ETEC K88ac from adhering to intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) at 2% (p < 0.01) and 1% (p < 0.05). In the Exclusion Test (ET) and the displacement test (DT), the food samples were unable to impair ETEC colonisation in terms of blocking receptors or removing attached pathogens. These results demonstrate how some traditional foods such as highland barley and shiitake contain bioactive compounds that interfere with the attachment of ETEC to the intestinal epithelium, and their potential in the prevention and treatment of ETEC diarrhoea. 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