f95302a32d299fad59f8060c3f80d337  religions_a2024m12v15p1507iENG.pdf
238711244337da1d50f0fdf8e313ae4c04b03b54  religions_a2024m12v15p1507iENG.pdf
ba60bf0ac1a29aa552cc8d20bfaf5a8c14ad839092ba09980156343ff4dd60cd  religions_a2024m12v15p1507iENG.pdf

Title:           Anonymity and Digital Islamic Authority
Subject:         Much of the literature on digital religious authority has focused on spiritual “influencers” and the challenges they pose to traditional religious hierarchies and structures of authority. Less attention has been dedicated to religious websites, social media pages, and digital feeds whose popularity and influence do not hinge on the personalistic qualities of their creators. There is a wide assortment of generic religious reference sites that, although developed and managed by largely anonymous webmasters and administrators, command significant audiences and exert substantial influence on religious interpretations and practices. We argue that anonymity affords certain advantages for bolstering visibility and influence that have hitherto received insufficient attention in the literature on religion, authority, and cyberspace. In contrast to spiritual influencers, who draw attention to their personal biographies, credentials, appearances, and connections to enhance their legitimacy and authority, individuals or groups who administer religious reference sites commonly employ alternative strategies that involve concealing personal identities, experiences, and affiliations. Their aim is to come off as neutral, impartial, and free of ideological baggage that might bias their interpretations. This facilitates their efforts to frame the content they share as a form of universal religious truth that transcends ideological and sectarian differences. Our analysis centers on websites and social media pages that provide guidance to Spanish speakers on Islamic theology, jurisprudence, and piety.
Keywords:        digital religion; authority; anonymity; internet; social media; Islam
Author:          Avi Astor, Ghufran Khir-Allah and Rosa Martínez-Cuadros
Creator:         LaTeX with hyperref
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      Title: Introduction 
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     Item: 
      Title: Anonymity and Digital Religious Authority 
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     Item: 
      Title: Methodology 
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     Item: 
      Title: Anonymity and Universality 
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     Item: 
      Title: Generic Islam and Majoritarian Muslim Positionality 
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     Item: 
      Title: Social Media and Informal Islamic Reference Sites 
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      Title: Conclusions 
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      Title: References
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