89d97659efbc474ee9f5ef4afee523f0 energies-17-03787.pdf fff1ca757bec4bb2552d15743a430306798657f8 energies-17-03787.pdf d3f6f6e167e86e79a2100c2de6394c7a7242206058e651671625c8e0cde3b6f5 energies-17-03787.pdf Title: A Doublet State Palladium(I) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex as a Dopant and Stabilizer for Improved Photostability in Organic Solar Cells Subject: The effect of doublet state metalloradical complex in a solar cell inside the common active layer poly(3-hexylthiophene)/[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT/PC60BM) is explored. In this work, it is demonstrated that the role of the bis-[1,3-bis-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dichloroimidazol-2-ylidene]palladium(I) hexafluoridophosphate dopant, [Pd(IPrCl)2][PF6], is crucial because the presence of a stable unpaired electron in the molecule significantly improves the optoelectronic performance of the device. We f the optimal concentration of this molecule in the active layer and demonstrate that the presence of this additive in the active layer helps to significantly improve the morphology of the device. The improvements in optoelectronic and morphological parameters are associated with a remarkable increase in photocurrent generation due to more favorable mechanisms of charge separation at the donor/acceptor (D/A) interfaces of the active layer and reduced recombinations. Moreover, the presence of this additive improves the stability of the unencapsulated solar cell against photochemical degradation produced by sunlight. Keywords: inverted organic solar cells; dopant; organometallic molecule; palladium; optoelectronic improvement; morphology; stability Author: Aliah El Astal-Quirós, Valentina Carrarini, Francesca Zarotti, Atiq Ur Rahman, Agustí Lledós, Cristina G. Yebra, Ernesto de Jesús and Andrea Reale Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Thu Aug 1 09:20:17 2024 CEST ModDate: Thu Aug 1 10:17:37 2024 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 19 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 32772035 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- FXKWJE+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 EILZUZ+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 EQDVRD+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 CRFJMG+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 MOCBVF+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 QDIDFO+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 48 0 NVNHMG+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 65 0 JDCKWC+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 73 0 SPXLNH+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 110 0 XIRVNA+EURB10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 119 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-02-19 02:07:29 CET RepresentationInformation: energies-17-03787.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-02-18 11:23:04 CET Size: 32772035 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 477 FreeObjects: 29 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Children: Item: Title: Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) Destination: subsection.1.1 Item: Title: Mechanism for Generation of Photocurrent in Organic Solar Cells (OSCs) Destination: subsection.1.2 Item: Title: Effect of Singlet and Triplet States in Organic Solar Cells Destination: subsection.1.3 Item: Title: Organometallic Complexes in OSCs Destination: subsection.1.4 Item: Title: Target of This Work Destination: subsection.1.5 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Device Optoelectronic Properties Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Morphological Studies of the Active Layer Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Recombination Analysis Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Photostability Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: appendix.A. Info: Title: A Doublet State Palladium(I) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex as a Dopant and Stabilizer for Improved Photostability in Organic Solar Cells Author: Aliah El Astal-Quirós, Valentina Carrarini, Francesca Zarotti, Atiq Ur Rahman, Agustí Lledós, Cristina G. Yebra, Ernesto de Jesús and Andrea Reale Subject: The effect of doublet state metalloradical complex in a solar cell inside the common active layer poly(3-hexylthiophene)/[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT/PC60BM) is explored. In this work, it is demonstrated that the role of the bis-[1,3-bis-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dichloroimidazol-2-ylidene]palladium(I) hexafluoridophosphate dopant, [Pd(IPrCl)2][PF6], is crucial because the presence of a stable unpaired electron in the molecule significantly improves the optoelectronic performance of the device. We f the optimal concentration of this molecule in the active layer and demonstrate that the presence of this additive in the active layer helps to significantly improve the morphology of the device. The improvements in optoelectronic and morphological parameters are associated with a remarkable increase in photocurrent generation due to more favorable mechanisms of charge separation at the donor/acceptor (D/A) interfaces of the active layer and reduced recombinations. Moreover, the presence of this additive improves the stability of the unencapsulated solar cell against photochemical degradation produced by sunlight. 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