45583fdcacaca0a5bfa347434b203c74 308586.pdf 1971ae7c0a70f5a9f3348b518ca20227d710a552 308586.pdf eb38fe50f93a7f49c4f80af5b8b9e782622be18c71ce8310847b7ed71d631e7a 308586.pdf Title: Efficacy of Food Industry By-Product -Glucan/Chitin–Chitosan on Lipid Profile of Overweight and Obese Individuals: Sustainability and Nutraceuticals Subject: Fat-binding nutraceutical supplements have gained considerable attention as potential cholesterol-lowering strategies to address dyslipidemia in overweight and obese individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a polysaccharide-rich compound containing -glucan/chitin–chitosan (GluCnCs) on lipid profiles and lipoprotein function. In a prospective, two-arm clinical trial, 58 overweight and obese individuals were randomized to receive either 3 g/day of GluCnCs or a placebo (microcrystalline cellulose) for 12 weeks. Serum lipids and lipoprotein functions were assessed at baseline and at 4-week intervals throughout the study. The administration of GluCnCs led to a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (HDLc) levels and improved HDLc/non-HDLc and HDLc/total cholesterol (TC) ratios, while reducing apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels (p < 0.05). However, the intervention did not affect HDL particle diameter, particle number, or lipoprotein functionality. Women demonstrated greater sensitivity to changes in HDLc during GluCnCs supplementation, whereas men exhibited a significant reduction in ApoB levels. When stratified by baseline LDL cholesterol (LDLc) levels (cut-off: 130 mg/dL), the increase in HDLc and the ApoA1/ApoB ratio was found in the low-LDL group. In contrast, the high-LDL group experienced a significant reduction in atherogenic non-LDLc and LDLc, along with an improvement in HDL’s antioxidant capacity after GluCnCs intervention. These changes were not statistically significant in the placebo group. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that daily supplementation with GluCnCs significantly improved lipid profiles, with effects that varied based on sex and baseline LDLc levels. Keywords: -glucan; chitin–chitosan; fat-binding nutraceutical supplements Author: Victoria Santisteban, Natàlia Muñoz-Garcia, Anallely López-Yerena, Montserrat Puntes, Lina Badimon and Teresa Padro Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Thu Oct 10 07:35:20 2024 CEST ModDate: Thu Oct 10 09:17:58 2024 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 19 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1615843 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- ZYYJXI+EURB10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 10 0 CVSFSJ+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 15 0 NSKARP+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 21 0 OKHQTX+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 26 0 MHGVYB+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 HEMLMB+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 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Monitoring Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Biological Samples Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Anthropometric Data, Blood Pressure, Biochemical Measurements and Serum Lipid Profile Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: HDL Particles (Number and Size) Analysis by 1H-NMR Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 and Apolipoprotein B Levels Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: In Vitro Assessment of LDL Susceptibility to Oxidation and HDL-Antioxidant Capacity Destination: subsection.2.7 Children: Item: Title: Lipoprotein Preparation Destination: subsubsection.2.7.1 Item: Title: Conjugated Dienes Destination: subsubsection.2.7.2 Item: Title: Antioxidant Capacity of HDL Destination: subsubsection.2.7.3 Item: Title: Insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) Index Destination: subsection.2.8 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: subsection.2.9 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics at Baseline Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Effect of Nutraceutical Intervention on on Anthropometric, Hemodynamic and Biochemical Characteristics Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Effects of the 12-Week Intervention on Serum Lipid Profile Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Changes in Concentration and Diameter of Circulating HDL Particles in the GluCnCs and Placebo Groups at Baseline and during the Intervention Period Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Effect of the 12-Week Intervention on ApoA1 and ApoB Levels Destination: subsection.3.5 Item: Title: Effect of the 12-Week Intervention on Lipoprotein Functionality Destination: subsection.3.6 Children: Item: Title: LDL Susceptibility to Oxidation Destination: subsubsection.3.6.1 Item: Title: HDL Antioxidant Capacity Destination: subsubsection.3.6.2 Item: Title: Response of Lipid Profile by Sex to 12-Week Intervention with GluCnCs Destination: subsection.3.7 Item: Title: Response to the 12-Week GluCnCs Intervention in Relation to the BMI and LDLc Levels at Baseline Destination: subsection.3.8 Item: Title: Effects of the 12-Week Intervention in Insulin Levels and HOMA-IR Destination: subsection.3.9 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: appendix.A. Info: Title: Efficacy of Food Industry By-Product -Glucan/Chitin Chitosan on Lipid Profile of Overweight and Obese Individuals: Sustainability and Nutraceuticals Author: Victoria Santisteban, Natàlia Muñoz-Garcia, Anallely López-Yerena, Montserrat Puntes, Lina Badimon and Teresa Padro Subject: Fat-binding nutraceutical supplements have gained considerable attention as potential cholesterol-lowering strategies to address dyslipidemia in overweight and obese individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a polysaccharide-rich compound containing -glucan/chitin chitosan (GluCnCs) on lipid profiles and lipoprotein function. In a prospective, two-arm clinical trial, 58 overweight and obese individuals were randomized to receive either 3 g/day of GluCnCs or a placebo (microcrystalline cellulose) for 12 weeks. Serum lipids and lipoprotein functions were assessed at baseline and at 4-week intervals throughout the study. The administration of GluCnCs led to a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (HDLc) levels and improved HDLc/non-HDLc and HDLc/total cholesterol (TC) ratios, while reducing apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels (p < 0.05). However, the intervention did not affect HDL particle diameter, particle number, or lipoprotein functionality. Women demonstrated greater sensitivity to changes in HDLc during GluCnCs supplementation, whereas men exhibited a significant reduction in ApoB levels. When stratified by baseline LDL cholesterol (LDLc) levels (cut-off: 130 mg/dL), the increase in HDLc and the ApoA1/ApoB ratio was found in the low-LDL group. In contrast, the high-LDL group experienced a significant reduction in atherogenic non-LDLc and LDLc, along with an improvement in HDL’s antioxidant capacity after GluCnCs intervention. These changes were not statistically significant in the placebo group. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that daily supplementation with GluCnCs significantly improved lipid profiles, with effects that varied based on sex and baseline LDLc levels. 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