f81d678461e5d3c0808b6ac4558d4b13 309315.pdf 3d8bb65e3c55eae321c9664a208c43961d9c84b3 309315.pdf 2dbd5b39651d6fcfc2f70c37e848514debed70bde4b328136b96ae3b2fdb8785 309315.pdf Title: Understanding Endothelial Dysfunction and Its Role in Ischemic Stroke After the Outbreak of Recanalization Therapies Subject: Despite recent advances in treatment options, stroke remains a highly prevalent and devastating condition with significant socioeconomic impact. Recanalization therapies, including intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatments, have revolutionized stroke management and prognosis, providing a promising framework for exploring new therapeutic strategies. Endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathophysiology, progression, and prognosis of stroke. This review aims to synthesize the current evidence regarding the involvement of the nitric oxide (NO)/endothelium pathway in ischemic stroke, with a particular focus on aging, response to recanalization therapies, and therapeutic approaches. While significant progress has been made in recent years in understanding the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and stroke, many uncertainties persist, and although treatments targeting this pathway are promising, they have yet to demonstrate clear clinical benefits. Keywords: stroke; endothelium; recanalization; nitrous oxide Author: Patricia de la Riva, Juan Marta-Enguita, Jon Rodríguez-Antigüedad, Alberto Bergareche and Adolfo López de Munain Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Thu Oct 31 09:52:28 2024 CET ModDate: Thu Oct 31 09:56:47 2024 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 22 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1809484 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- YWWVQQ+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 KDUTBV+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 FLECNF+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 DMUESK+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 XLTGPH+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 IRWHZX+TimesNewRomanPSMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 48 0 CKUPDE+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 51 0 CPTDOP+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 68 0 NEDKMA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 86 0 NEDKMB+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 89 0 NEDKMC+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 95 0 NEDKME+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 98 0 NEDLFE+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 101 0 NEDKMA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 115 0 NEDKMB+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 118 0 NEDKMC+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 124 0 NEDKME+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 127 0 NEDLFE+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 130 0 NEDKMA+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 160 0 NEDKMB+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 163 0 NEDKMC+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 169 0 NEDKME+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 172 0 NEDLFE+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 175 0 ICRTVP+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 183 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-04-04 02:43:28 CEST RepresentationInformation: 309315.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-04-03 12:40:20 CEST Size: 1809484 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 662 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: The Endothelium and Its Components Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Endothelial Cells Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Nitric Oxide Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: ENOS Enzyme Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Other Participants in the Endothelial Function Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Cerebral Endothelium Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Endothelial Dysfunction (ED) Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Endothelial Function and Stroke Destination: section.4 Children: Item: Title: Physiopathology of Stroke and Endothelial Function Destination: subsection.4.1 Item: Title: Endothelial Dysfunction in Ischemic Stroke Destination: subsection.4.2 Children: Item: Title: The Role of Endothelial Dysfunction in Stroke Initiation Destination: subsubsection.4.2.1 Item: Title: Endothelial Dysfunction in Stroke Subtypes Destination: subsubsection.4.2.2 Item: Title: Endothelial Dysfunction and Stroke Severity and Prognosis Destination: subsubsection.4.2.3 Item: Title: Reperfusion Therapies and Endothelial Dysfunction Destination: subsection.4.3 Item: Title: Collateral Response to Stroke and Endothelial Dysfunction Destination: subsection.4.4 Item: Title: Blood Brain Barrier Disruption, Endothelium, and the Risk of Hemorrhagic Transformation After Stroke Destination: subsection.4.5 Item: Title: Age, Stroke, and Endothelial Cell Senescence Destination: subsection.4.6 Item: Title: Therapeutic Approaches Regarding Endothelial Dysfunction and Stroke Destination: section.5 Item: Title: Future Perspectives and Unanswered Questions in the Endothelial Dysfunction Stroke Relationship Destination: section.6 Item: Title: References Destination: section.7 Info: Title: Understanding Endothelial Dysfunction and Its Role in Ischemic Stroke After the Outbreak of Recanalization Therapies Author: Patricia de la Riva, Juan Marta-Enguita, Jon Rodríguez-Antigüedad, Alberto Bergareche and Adolfo López de Munain Subject: Despite recent advances in treatment options, stroke remains a highly prevalent and devastating condition with significant socioeconomic impact. Recanalization therapies, including intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatments, have revolutionized stroke management and prognosis, providing a promising framework for exploring new therapeutic strategies. Endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathophysiology, progression, and prognosis of stroke. This review aims to synthesize the current evidence regarding the involvement of the nitric oxide (NO)/endothelium pathway in ischemic stroke, with a particular focus on aging, response to recanalization therapies, and therapeutic approaches. While significant progress has been made in recent years in understanding the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and stroke, many uncertainties persist, and although treatments targeting this pathway are promising, they have yet to demonstrate clear clinical benefits. 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