23531c39d0365cf7bcfcecfffdaef304 pmc_10934536.pdf 88e409cc428e96805ac5ff1c0eb9777bdd64f3dd pmc_10934536.pdf 97b6d902c682980819c343ee7818cd918235b0adf370b7735ebc75c10c5933ef pmc_10934536.pdf Title: Amperometric Inkjet-Printed Thyroxine Sensor Based on Customized Graphene and Tunned Cyclodextrins as the Preconcentration Element Subject: The determination of thyroid hormones has practical clinical significance for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism diseases. Considering this aspect, a wide range of analytical methods for the detection of analytes, including immunoassay, chemiluminescence, mass spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography, among others, has been developed. This type of analysis provides feasible results. Nevertheless, it requires qualified staff, special facilities and is time-consuming. For this reason, this paper relies on the fabrication of an electrochemical device developed with inkjet printing technology for the free detection of Thyroxine (T4). To manufacture our electrochemical device, several aspects were considered from the use of materials that amplify electrical signals, to finding a supramolecular scaffold that possess affinity towards the target analyte and the need of preconcentrating the analyte on the electrode’s surface. For this task, printed devices were modified with a hybrid nanomaterial consisting of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) tuned with Au nanoparticles (Au–NPs) and an entrapment agent and different thiolated cyclodextrins (x–CD-SH) as carrying agents. Analytes were preconcentrated via supramolecular chemistry due to the formation of an inclusion complex between the cyclodextrin and hormones. Morphological and electrochemical characterization of the final device was carried out to ensure the proper workability of the electrode, achieving excellent response, sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD). Keywords: thyroid hormones; electrochemical (bio)sensor; graphene; (beta)-cyclodextrin; (gamma)-cyclodextrin Author: María Jesús Ortiz-Aguayo, Franc Paré, Gemma Gabriel and Mireia Baeza Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Fri Feb 23 08:45:26 2024 CET ModDate: Fri Feb 23 08:49:49 2024 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 11 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2007593 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- NBDQEL+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 LEVXPH+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 16 0 URWOJK+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 21 0 ELKRQU+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 DBZEEL+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 SXQPWE+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 37 0 NPLVPL+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 53 0 IAFQNP+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 70 0 SPXLNH+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 78 0 FHGBBG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 93 0 FHGBBH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 96 0 FHGBBI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 102 0 FHGBBK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 105 0 FHGBLH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 108 0 FHGBBG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 125 0 FHGBBH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 128 0 FHGBBI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 134 0 FHGBBK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 137 0 FHGBLH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 140 0 FHGBBG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 154 0 FHGBBH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 157 0 FHGBBI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 163 0 FHGBBK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 166 0 FHGBLH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 169 0 FHGBBG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 183 0 FHGBBH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 186 0 FHGBBI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 192 0 FHGBBK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 195 0 FHGBLH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 198 0 FHGGBN+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 201 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-04-27 02:34:59 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_10934536.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-03-20 02:30:38 CET Size: 2007593 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 310 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Inkjet-Printed Electrode Fabrication Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: The Electrodes’ Surface Functionalization Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Characterization of Hybrid Nanomaterials Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Electrochemical Characterization and Sensor Performance Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: appendix.A. Info: Title: Amperometric Inkjet-Printed Thyroxine Sensor Based on Customized Graphene and Tunned Cyclodextrins as the Preconcentration Element Author: María Jesús Ortiz-Aguayo, Franc Paré, Gemma Gabriel and Mireia Baeza Subject: The determination of thyroid hormones has practical clinical significance for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism diseases. Considering this aspect, a wide range of analytical methods for the detection of analytes, including immunoassay, chemiluminescence, mass spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography, among others, has been developed. This type of analysis provides feasible results. Nevertheless, it requires qualified staff, special facilities and is time-consuming. For this reason, this paper relies on the fabrication of an electrochemical device developed with inkjet printing technology for the free detection of Thyroxine (T4). To manufacture our electrochemical device, several aspects were considered from the use of materials that amplify electrical signals, to finding a supramolecular scaffold that possess affinity towards the target analyte and the need of preconcentrating the analyte on the electrode’s surface. For this task, printed devices were modified with a hybrid nanomaterial consisting of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) tuned with Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) and an entrapment agent and different thiolated cyclodextrins (x CD-SH) as carrying agents. Analytes were preconcentrated via supramolecular chemistry due to the formation of an inclusion complex between the cyclodextrin and hormones. Morphological and electrochemical characterization of the final device was carried out to ensure the proper workability of the electrode, achieving excellent response, sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD). 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