82b40b89f388b8cc45591da4d02a1133 pmc_11273977.pdf 57d1e721c462b6aaec81112c004fe98de94d2a29 pmc_11273977.pdf 561dc2de66156fa9f72fe07aeb1e7550b3b8a87e2387564ae61eb908611a303c pmc_11273977.pdf Title: Immunohistochemical Expression of PTEN in Canine Gliomas Subject: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a critical tumor suppressor gene with a vital role in regulating cell proliferation, migration, and survival. The loss of PTEN function, either by genetic alterations or decreased protein expression, is frequent in human gliomas and has been correlated with tumor progression, grade, therapeutic resistance, and decreased overall survival in patients with glioma. While different genetic mutations in PTEN gene have been occasionally reported in canine gliomas, no alterations in protein expression have been reported. This study investigates the immunohistochemical expression of PTEN in canine gliomas to evaluate possible alterations, as those reported in human gliomas. Immunohistochemical PTEN expression and pattern distribution were analyzed in 37 spontaneous canine gliomas. Among gliomas, 52.6% cases showed high PTEN expression and 48.6% displayed reduced (13.5%) or highly reduced (35.1%) immunopositivity. Most oligodendrogliomas showed high expression (73.7%), while the majority of astrocytomas (69.2%) showed a reduced or highly reduced expression. A reduced PTEN expression was mostly associated with a heterogeneous loss of PTEN immunopositivity. These observations are in line with those reported in human gliomas and provide a rationale for future studies regarding abnormalities in PTEN expression and PI3K/Akt/mTor pathway in canine gliomas, to evaluate its prognostic and therapeutic implications. Keywords: astrocytoma; dog; high grade; immunohistochemistry; oligodendroglioma; PTEN; PI3K/Akt/mTor; signaling pathways; undefined glioma Author: Jéssica Molín, Roberto José-López, Gustavo A. Ramírez and Martí Pumarola Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Tue Jul 23 02:49:25 2024 CEST ModDate: Tue Jul 23 03:20:30 2024 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 4508290 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- XWOCXD+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 WTLKZA+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 CQLFKD+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 DVKUZM+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 SNDHFT+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 SZMRXJ+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 51 0 VORBJF+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 72 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 77 0 DAEBKG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 94 0 DAEBKH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 97 0 DAEBKI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 103 0 DAEBKK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 106 0 DAEBKG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 116 0 DAEBKH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 119 0 DAEBKI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 125 0 DAEBKK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 128 0 DAECBJ+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 131 0 DAEBKG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 139 0 DAEBKH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 142 0 DAEBKI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 148 0 DAEBKK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 151 0 DAECBJ+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 154 0 DAEBKG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 165 0 DAEBKH+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 168 0 DAEBKI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 174 0 DAEBKK+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 177 0 DAECBJ+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 180 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-02-20 02:13:19 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_11273977.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-02-19 04:54:03 CET Size: 4508290 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 481 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Case Selection Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Histology and Morphological Diagnosis Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Immunohistochemistry Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Clinicopathological Features Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: PTEN Immunohistochemistry Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: appendix.A. Info: Title: Immunohistochemical Expression of PTEN in Canine Gliomas Author: Jéssica Molín, Roberto José-López, Gustavo A. Ramírez and Martí Pumarola Subject: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a critical tumor suppressor gene with a vital role in regulating cell proliferation, migration, and survival. The loss of PTEN function, either by genetic alterations or decreased protein expression, is frequent in human gliomas and has been correlated with tumor progression, grade, therapeutic resistance, and decreased overall survival in patients with glioma. While different genetic mutations in PTEN gene have been occasionally reported in canine gliomas, no alterations in protein expression have been reported. This study investigates the immunohistochemical expression of PTEN in canine gliomas to evaluate possible alterations, as those reported in human gliomas. Immunohistochemical PTEN expression and pattern distribution were analyzed in 37 spontaneous canine gliomas. Among gliomas, 52.6% cases showed high PTEN expression and 48.6% displayed reduced (13.5%) or highly reduced (35.1%) immunopositivity. Most oligodendrogliomas showed high expression (73.7%), while the majority of astrocytomas (69.2%) showed a reduced or highly reduced expression. A reduced PTEN expression was mostly associated with a heterogeneous loss of PTEN immunopositivity. These observations are in line with those reported in human gliomas and provide a rationale for future studies regarding abnormalities in PTEN expression and PI3K/Akt/mTor pathway in canine gliomas, to evaluate its prognostic and therapeutic implications. 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