4b6dfceb768480e67a4d67bd62131320 pmc_11673755.pdf 586609acb519ca90dcfa2ee27bd09a8d68de4c3c pmc_11673755.pdf 7d7211ed56dc80cd0cd5de35613cfba82e0bb242fafebd030e7aabe2602e0e70 pmc_11673755.pdf Title: Effect of Ultra-High Pressure Homogenisation (UHPH) on the Co-Inoculation of Lachancea thermotolerans and Metschnikowia pulcherrima in Tempranillo Must Subject: The utilisation of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in co-inoculation and non-thermal technologies for must sterilisation is becoming increasingly prevalent due to their notable utility and potential. This new approach optimises the fermentation process and contributes to facilitating the production of wines with distinctive characteristics, improving their stability, and without organoleptic repercussions. Two trials were conducted concurrently, designated as A and B, using the same Tempranillo red must. In each trial, UHPH-treated and untreated must (serving as the control) were compared. The non-Saccharomyces yeasts (Lachancea thermotolerans and Metschnikowia pulcherrima) were identical in both trials, and fermentations were terminated by a Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculated after 7 days (ternary fermentation). In Trial A, different percentages of the initial inoculum were employed with respect to the total volume that must be fermented, with the objective of evaluating the influence and competitiveness between yeasts. Trial B was designed to investigate the impact of two nutrients that provide vitamins, energy, and protection from oxidative stress on the development of these yeasts and their metabolic expression. Microbiological analysis and measurements of oenological parameters were carried out, acidification was assessed, volatile compounds were analysed, and the colour spectrum was measured by spectrophotometry. It was observed in both trials that the prevalence of Lachancea thermotolerans (Lt) was longer than that of Metschnikowia pulcherrima (Mp) and that the use of quercetin + thiamine had a positive effect on yeast growth. Furthermore, the combination of Lt and Mp yeasts demonstrated remarkable synergy, resulting in the production of a substantial quantity of lactic acid (>5 g/L). With regard to aroma compounds, the UHPH must have exhibited a nearly twofold increase in ethyl lactate. Additionally, the total polyphenol index (TPI) was observed to be 8–10% higher in wines derived from UHPH musts, indicating that this technology may potentially safeguard against oxidation. Keywords: wine; sequential; non-Saccharomyces; biocompatibility; yeast nutrients; non-thermal treatment; ternary fermentations Author: Cristian Vaquero, Carlos Escott, Iris Loira, Carmen López, Carmen González, Juan Manuel Del Fresno, Buenaventura Guamis and Antonio Morata Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Sun Nov 24 10:58:26 2024 CET ModDate: Sun Nov 24 11:04:42 2024 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1554395 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- ENXZUH+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 UCJQWF+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 XEIRBT+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 PMDAPX+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 REPGUX+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 PNSTSZ+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 37 0 QMDDXF+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 70 0 XOGJPW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 75 0 DOGAPL+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 86 0 DOGAPM+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 89 0 DOGAPN+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 95 0 DOGBAP+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 98 0 DOGBKO+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 101 0 DOGEIO+Calibri CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 115 0 DOGEJO+Calibri,Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 121 0 DOGAPL+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 127 0 DOGAPM+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 130 0 DOGAPN+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 136 0 DOGBAP+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 139 0 DOGBKO+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 142 0 DOGGFF+SimSun CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 154 0 DOGAPL+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 160 0 DOGAPM+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 163 0 DOGAPN+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 169 0 DOGBAP+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 172 0 DOGBKO+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 175 0 UGLOHL+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 182 0 DOGEIO+Calibri CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 190 0 DOGHMO+Calibri,Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 196 0 DOGAPL+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 202 0 DOGAPM+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 205 0 DOGAPN+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 211 0 DOGBAP+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 214 0 DOGBKO+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 217 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-02-20 02:13:01 CET RepresentationInformation: pmc_11673755.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-02-19 04:53:53 CET Size: 1554395 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 453 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Ultra-High Pressure Homogenisation of Musts Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Yeast Strains and Growing Media Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Micro-Fermentation Trials Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Yeast Population Counts Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Oenological Parameters Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Aroma Volatile Compounds Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Colour Parameters Destination: subsection.2.7 Item: Title: Statistics Destination: subsection.2.8 Item: Title: Results and Discussion Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Evolution of the Inoculated Population Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Oenological Parameters Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Lactic Acidity and pH Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Colour Assessment Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Aromatic Profile Destination: subsection.3.5 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: Effect of Ultra-High Pressure Homogenisation (UHPH) on the Co-Inoculation of Lachancea thermotolerans and Metschnikowia pulcherrima in Tempranillo Must Author: Cristian Vaquero, Carlos Escott, Iris Loira, Carmen López, Carmen González, Juan Manuel Del Fresno, Buenaventura Guamis and Antonio Morata Subject: The utilisation of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in co-inoculation and non-thermal technologies for must sterilisation is becoming increasingly prevalent due to their notable utility and potential. This new approach optimises the fermentation process and contributes to facilitating the production of wines with distinctive characteristics, improving their stability, and without organoleptic repercussions. Two trials were conducted concurrently, designated as A and B, using the same Tempranillo red must. In each trial, UHPH-treated and untreated must (serving as the control) were compared. The non-Saccharomyces yeasts (Lachancea thermotolerans and Metschnikowia pulcherrima) were identical in both trials, and fermentations were terminated by a Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculated after 7 days (ternary fermentation). In Trial A, different percentages of the initial inoculum were employed with respect to the total volume that must be fermented, with the objective of evaluating the influence and competitiveness between yeasts. Trial B was designed to investigate the impact of two nutrients that provide vitamins, energy, and protection from oxidative stress on the development of these yeasts and their metabolic expression. Microbiological analysis and measurements of oenological parameters were carried out, acidification was assessed, volatile compounds were analysed, and the colour spectrum was measured by spectrophotometry. It was observed in both trials that the prevalence of Lachancea thermotolerans (Lt) was longer than that of Metschnikowia pulcherrima (Mp) and that the use of quercetin + thiamine had a positive effect on yeast growth. Furthermore, the combination of Lt and Mp yeasts demonstrated remarkable synergy, resulting in the production of a substantial quantity of lactic acid (>5 g/L). With regard to aroma compounds, the UHPH must have exhibited a nearly twofold increase in ethyl lactate. Additionally, the total polyphenol index (TPI) was observed to be 8 10% higher in wines derived from UHPH musts, indicating that this technology may potentially safeguard against oxidation. 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