d7a21e148f48735850c3710dd2534be9 antioxidants-14-00353.pdf 9bc71fa525a6155b3f0f479e79ad096778ee9e68 antioxidants-14-00353.pdf 048da5ed420625f1d0d730917f41e8fc256268018ec62991fafda7e212a36afb antioxidants-14-00353.pdf Title: Seed Halopriming as an Effective Strategy to Enhance Salt Tolerance in Cakile maritima: Activation of Antioxidant and Genetic Responses Subject: Global food demand and insecurity are intensifying due to rapid population growth, the loss of arable land, climate change, and pollution. Among the critical challenges in global agriculture is soil salinization, in which high NaCl concentrations can severely inhibit germination and crop establishment. Cakile maritima, a halophyte from the Brassica genus, can tolerate salinity levels up to 400 mM NaCl, far exceeding the tolerance of most crops, making it a promising model for studying salt stress resistance. This study investigates the effects of seed halopriming as an effective strategy to enhance salt tolerance in C. maritima. The research evaluates germination rates, seedling establishment, mineral status, oxidative stress markers, and genetic responses under increasing NaCl concentrations. Halopriming with NaCl pre-activates the plant’s antioxidant defence mechanisms and upregulates stress-responsive genes, improving the plant’s resilience to saline conditions. While salinity caused significant physiological challenges, primed seeds demonstrated superior performance compared to non-primed controls, with enhanced germination and an improved tolerance to oxidative stress. These findings underscore the potential of halopriming as a cost-effective and sustainable technique to improve crop performance in saline environments. This study highlights the importance of advancing seed priming technologies for developing resilient crops to address global food security challenges in the face of climate change. Keywords: salinity; Cakile maritima; seed priming; antioxidant response; SOS1; SOS2; NHX1; WRKY25; salt tolerance; oxidative stress Author: Roser Tolrà, Carlos González-Cobo, Isabel Corrales, Rosa Padilla and Mercè Llugany Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Tue Mar 18 09:21:31 2025 CET ModDate: Tue Mar 18 09:30:10 2025 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 23 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2920641 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- TXYQVB+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 VZJJSB+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 WOZMHY+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 BKGHWB+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 PPPGNE+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom 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LastModified: 2025-04-10 09:07:56 CEST Size: 2920641 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 637 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Plant Material Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Experimental Design Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Biomass Production and Relative Water Content Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Photochemical Efficiency and Stomatal Density Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Determination of Mineral Elements Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Oxidative Stress Markers Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Total Antioxidant Capacity and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Destination: subsection.2.7 Item: Title: RT-qPCR Analysis of Genes Involved in Ion Homeostasis and Antioxidant Defence Destination: subsection.2.8 Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Destination: subsection.2.9 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Effect of Seed Priming on Physiological Parameters Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Effect of Seed Priming on Na+ and K+ Accumulation and Mineral Nutrition Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Oxidative Status Destination: subsection.3.3 Item: Title: Total Antioxidant Capacity and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Destination: subsection.3.4 Item: Title: Effects of Seed Priming on Gene Expression Destination: subsection.3.5 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: appendix.A. Info: Title: Seed Halopriming as an Effective Strategy to Enhance Salt Tolerance in Cakile maritima: Activation of Antioxidant and Genetic Responses Author: Roser Tolrà, Carlos González-Cobo, Isabel Corrales, Rosa Padilla and Mercè Llugany Subject: Global food demand and insecurity are intensifying due to rapid population growth, the loss of arable land, climate change, and pollution. Among the critical challenges in global agriculture is soil salinization, in which high NaCl concentrations can severely inhibit germination and crop establishment. Cakile maritima, a halophyte from the Brassica genus, can tolerate salinity levels up to 400 mM NaCl, far exceeding the tolerance of most crops, making it a promising model for studying salt stress resistance. This study investigates the effects of seed halopriming as an effective strategy to enhance salt tolerance in C. maritima. The research evaluates germination rates, seedling establishment, mineral status, oxidative stress markers, and genetic responses under increasing NaCl concentrations. Halopriming with NaCl pre-activates the plant’s antioxidant defence mechanisms and upregulates stress-responsive genes, improving the plant’s resilience to saline conditions. While salinity caused significant physiological challenges, primed seeds demonstrated superior performance compared to non-primed controls, with enhanced germination and an improved tolerance to oxidative stress. These findings underscore the potential of halopriming as a cost-effective and sustainable technique to improve crop performance in saline environments. This study highlights the importance of advancing seed priming technologies for developing resilient crops to address global food security challenges in the face of climate change. 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