04bb64eda5aed6ea00a242c5b7ed5521 behavsci-15-00647.pdf a20408bdd677eb5e72be7a3a6669030f65f42e50 behavsci-15-00647.pdf a2435c0005099adb2455f319ea1ce41400380896fdbd9e3b14380339805b3901 behavsci-15-00647.pdf Title: Prefrontal Oxygenation in a Subjective Decision on a Situational Danger Assessment Task: Personality Traits and Decision-Making Styles Involvement Subject: This study investigated prefrontal cortex activity during the viewing and evaluation of pictures depicting scenarios with varying levels of danger, with a focus on the modulatory effects of personality traits and decision-making styles. The study sample included 120 male participants (44.4 12.9 years) and 87 female participants (38.9 10.5 years). Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure prefrontal oxygenation during the period of looking at pictures and the subsequent period of judging how dangerous they looked. Psychometric assessments included the Zuckerman–Kuhlman–Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ) and the Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire (MDMQ). The results revealed significant time-by-region (F = 2.9, p = 0.013) and danger level by region interactions (F = 2.8, p = 0.021) during the viewing period. During the evaluation period, a significant time-by-region interaction was observed (F = 8.7, p < 0.001). High sensation seekers exhibited reduced oxygenation levels in specific right prefrontal regions, reflecting a differential neural response to varying danger levels. Similarly, individuals with higher Aggressiveness and Extraversion displayed distinct oxygenation patterns during the evaluation phase, suggesting that personality traits influence prefrontal activity. However, no significant effects of decision-making styles were detected in either phase. These findings emphasise the pivotal role of the prefrontal cortex in assessing scene safety and highlight how neural responses are modulated by personality traits, rather than by decision-making styles. Keywords: personality traits; prefrontal cortex; risk assessment; decision-making styles; fNIRS Author: Ferran Balada, Neus Aymamí, Óscar García, Luis F. García and Anton Aluja Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Fri May 9 15:40:52 2025 CEST ModDate: Fri May 9 15:44:53 2025 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 15 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1389918 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- XYXRRC+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 BZNJJZ+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 PKPMEE+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 ZJZCTN+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 KOSUXD+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 32 0 CYIHTN+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 37 0 UJUUJI+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 66 0 NJOJNI+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 77 0 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Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Procedure Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Behavioural Task: Subjective Situational Assessment Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIR) Recording Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Psychometric Measures Destination: subsection.2.5 Children: Item: Title: Zuckerman Kuhlman Aluja Personality Questionnaire Shortened Form Destination: subsubsection.2.5.1 Item: Title: Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire (MDMQ) Destination: subsubsection.2.5.2 Item: Title: Data Analysis Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Prefrontal Oxygenation Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Subgroup Analysis Based on ZKA-PQ and MDMQ Scores Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: References Destination: section.5 Info: Title: Prefrontal Oxygenation in a Subjective Decision on a Situational Danger Assessment Task: Personality Traits and Decision-Making Styles Involvement Author: Ferran Balada, Neus Aymamí, Óscar García, Luis F. García and Anton Aluja Subject: This study investigated prefrontal cortex activity during the viewing and evaluation of pictures depicting scenarios with varying levels of danger, with a focus on the modulatory effects of personality traits and decision-making styles. The study sample included 120 male participants (44.4 12.9 years) and 87 female participants (38.9 10.5 years). Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure prefrontal oxygenation during the period of looking at pictures and the subsequent period of judging how dangerous they looked. Psychometric assessments included the Zuckerman Kuhlman Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ) and the Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire (MDMQ). The results revealed significant time-by-region (F = 2.9, p = 0.013) and danger level by region interactions (F = 2.8, p = 0.021) during the viewing period. During the evaluation period, a significant time-by-region interaction was observed (F = 8.7, p < 0.001). High sensation seekers exhibited reduced oxygenation levels in specific right prefrontal regions, reflecting a differential neural response to varying danger levels. Similarly, individuals with higher Aggressiveness and Extraversion displayed distinct oxygenation patterns during the evaluation phase, suggesting that personality traits influence prefrontal activity. However, no significant effects of decision-making styles were detected in either phase. These findings emphasise the pivotal role of the prefrontal cortex in assessing scene safety and highlight how neural responses are modulated by personality traits, rather than by decision-making styles. 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