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Introduction Destination: flink2 Item: Title: 2. Methods Destination: flink3 Children: Item: Title: 2.1. Protocol registration Destination: slink1 Item: Title: 2.2. Eligibility criteria Destination: slink2 Item: Title: 2.3. Search strategy Destination: slink3 Item: Title: 2.4. Study selection Destination: slink4 Item: Title: 2.5. Data collection process Destination: slink5 Item: Title: 2.6. Data items Destination: slink6 Item: Title: 2.7. Data analysis Destination: slink7 Item: Title: 3. Results Destination: flink4 Children: Item: Title: 3.1. Study selection Destination: slink8 Item: Title: 3.2. Study characteristics of the sample Destination: slink9 Item: Title: 3.3. PRECIS assessment Destination: slink10 Item: Title: 3.4. CONSORT assessment Destination: slink11 Item: Title: 3.5. Risk of bias Destination: slink12 Item: Title: 4. Discussion Destination: flink5 Children: Item: Title: 4.1. Designing MT effectiveness RCTs and correct use of the terminology Destination: slink13 Item: Title: 4.2. Pragmatic attitude and methodological characteristics of effectiveness MT RCTs Destination: slink14 Children: Item: Title: 4.2.1. Experimental intervention Destination: tlink1 Item: Title: 4.2.2. Placebo/sham control Destination: tlink2 Item: Title: 4.2.3. Setting Destination: tlink3 Item: Title: 4.2.4. Blinding Destination: tlink4 Item: Title: 4.3. Reporting and quality of effectiveness MT RCTs Destination: slink15 Item: Title: 4.3. Strengths and limitations Destination: slink16 Item: Title: 5. 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812 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding XMP: application/pdf doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2025.111817 Alignment between the research question, design, and terminology is required in manual therapy trials: a methodological study Sonia Roura Gerard Alvarez David Hohenschurz-Schmidt Ivan Solà Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés Javier Bracchiglione Carles Fernández-Jané Jules Phalip Ignasi Gich Mercè Sitjà-Rabert Gerard Urrútia Effectiveness clinical trials Musculoskeletal manipulations Randomized controlled trials Manual therapy Generalizability PRECIS-2 Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 183 (2025) 111817. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2025.111817 The Authors journal Journal of Clinical Epidemiology © 2025 The Authors. 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