e7ed5da5af2f626ccdf3dfeb4c0d7057 healthcare-13-01654.pdf 564f97580b30180cdf22071edbf306e40975bfdd healthcare-13-01654.pdf 60b1fd0c2c877be7b31935d0d9e713ed6da4ed9a109160610607f1a7d6ba9a4a healthcare-13-01654.pdf Title: The Psychological Benefits of Forest Bathing in Individuals with Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Pilot Study Subject: Background/Objectives: The main objective of the present study is to assess the short-term effects of Forest Bathing (FB) conducted in a Mediterranean forest on individuals with fibromyalgia (FM) and/or chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgia encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) on perceived pain, fatigue, state anxiety, positive and negative affect, mood states, and state mindfulness. Methods: A total of 44 participants with FM and/or CSF/ME agreed to participate in this study. The FB session consisted of a 3 km silent walk, lasting three hours and guided by a specialized psychologist and a mountain guide to guarantee the safety of the activity. Paired-sample t-tests were used to analyze the pre–post changes in perceived pain, fatigue, state anxiety, positive and negative affect, mood states, and mindfulness. Results: All reported variables but self-reported pain showed statistically significantpre–post variations after the FB session. Particularly, large-to-very-large improvements in positive and negative affect, state anxiety, tension, depression, anger, and vigor were found. Small-to-moderate effect sizes for fatigue, friendliness, and state mindfulness were also reported. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence of the short-term benefits of FB in individuals with FM and/or CFS/ME, especially on state anxiety and negative affect. Keywords: fibromyalgia; chronic fatigue syndrome; forest bathing; shinrin-yoku; forest therapy; mindfulness Author: Mayte Serrat, Estíbaliz Royuela-Colomer, Sandra Alonso-Marsol, Sònia Ferrés, Ruben Nieto, Albert Feliu-Soler and Anna Muro Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Wed Jul 9 12:54:58 2025 CEST ModDate: Wed Jul 9 14:08:03 2025 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 265778 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- WLFTRW+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 AIRHKL+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 ABXPQX+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 21 0 VUVYLK+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 ACTPYT+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 WTPQBM+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 61 0 KCYDRE+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 72 0 UJBULA+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 80 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-09-09 03:10:44 CEST RepresentationInformation: healthcare-13-01654.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-09-08 13:21:17 CEST Size: 265778 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 232 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Design Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Procedure Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Description of the FB Session Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Sample Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Instruments Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Statistical Analyses Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.6 Info: Title: The Psychological Benefits of Forest Bathing in Individuals with Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Pilot Study Author: Mayte Serrat, Estíbaliz Royuela-Colomer, Sandra Alonso-Marsol, Sònia Ferrés, Ruben Nieto, Albert Feliu-Soler and Anna Muro Subject: Background/Objectives: The main objective of the present study is to assess the short-term effects of Forest Bathing (FB) conducted in a Mediterranean forest on individuals with fibromyalgia (FM) and/or chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgia encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) on perceived pain, fatigue, state anxiety, positive and negative affect, mood states, and state mindfulness. Methods: A total of 44 participants with FM and/or CSF/ME agreed to participate in this study. The FB session consisted of a 3 km silent walk, lasting three hours and guided by a specialized psychologist and a mountain guide to guarantee the safety of the activity. Paired-sample t-tests were used to analyze the pre post changes in perceived pain, fatigue, state anxiety, positive and negative affect, mood states, and mindfulness. Results: All reported variables but self-reported pain showed statistically significantpre post variations after the FB session. Particularly, large-to-very-large improvements in positive and negative affect, state anxiety, tension, depression, anger, and vigor were found. Small-to-moderate effect sizes for fatigue, friendliness, and state mindfulness were also reported. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence of the short-term benefits of FB in individuals with FM and/or CFS/ME, especially on state anxiety and negative affect. 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